T - F多益單字7000 - tetraploid 中文

tetraploid n.,adj.【生物學】四倍體(的)。n.-y 

tetrapod
In this study , the stem segments of new shoot with axillary buds of well - growth tetraploid black locust trees were used as explants . the effects of different basic mediums , different hormone kinds and their concentrations ratios , different sucrose concentrations on calli induction , buds differentiation and rooting in the process of establishment of high frequency regeneration system of tetraploid black locust were studied . on the base of high frequency regeneration system , the effects of various factors on transformation efficiency of badh mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens were discussed in the light of gus histochemical assays 本實驗首先以生長良好的四倍體刺槐優株上當年生新梢的帶腋芽莖段為外植體，研究了在四倍體刺槐高頻再生體系的建立過程中不同基本培養基、不同激素濃度及其配比、不同蔗糖濃度對愈傷組織的誘導、芽的分化及生根的影響；然后在得到高頻再生體系的基礎上，通過農桿菌介導法轉化甜菜堿醛脫氫酶( badh )基因，以gus染色組織分析為依據探討了影響轉化效率的各種因素，建立了高效、可重復的基因轉化體系，為四倍體刺槐目的基因的導入打下了基礎。
The formation of the population of the allotetraploid hybrids of red crucian carp and common carp is the first case in the world which both the female and the male of allotetraploids are fertile , they are the good materials for studying the biological characteristic of tetraploid animals , this paper reports the hereditary characters of allotetraploids including the stability of hereditary gynogenesis and androgenesis 異源四倍體鯽鯉是世界上首例人工培育的兩性可育的四倍體魚，這為研究四倍體的生物學特性提供了良好的實驗材料，本文對異源四倍體鯽鯉的遺傳特性進行了研究，主要包括其遺傳穩定性、雌核發育、雄核發育方面的研究。
Distribution zone of diploid individual are the most extensive in china , while no tetraploid plant is found north of 40 degree north latitude , and hexaploid populations distribute mainly along the changj iang river , is found only in three populations in the yunnan - guzhou plateau . the hexaploid cytotype of var 4細胞地理學研究表明，二倍體占據我國最廣大區域，而四倍體分布區的北界則向南遷至40 n ，六倍體主要分布于25 n - 33 n的狹長地帶，八倍體則在云貴高原中部及東部邊緣零星分布。
In this paper , we also study the change of peroxidase isozymes of the callus were treated by adding colchicines into the medium and the regenerated tetraploid plants . the results showed that callus and the plants had different regulated modes on peroxidase . compared with the control , the band number and activity of peroxidase isozymes of callus treated with colchicines were raised obviously , and two new enzyme bands appeared , while the regenerated tetraploid plants only showed the activity raising 與對照相比，秋水仙堿處理后的辣椒愈傷組織的過氧化物酶同功酶的活性和酶帶數目都發生了變化，過氧化物酶活性有所提高，并觀察到新的酶帶產生；而分化的四倍體植株的過氧化物酶同功酶只有表達量的提高，未見新的酶帶產生。
According to reference , this research is the first time to transfer practically productive aim - gene to tetraploid black locust , and it is also the first time to transfer badh gene to forest - tree . this research provide a useful way in improving resistance to soline - alkali and drought of forest tree 據資料檢索，該研究屬首次將具有生產意義的目的基因導入四倍體刺槐，也是首次將甜菜堿醛脫氫酶基因導入林木樹種，在培育耐鹽抗旱型林木品種方面進行了有益的探索。
2 . the gynogenesis of allotetraploid hybrids without the treatment to double the chromosome number , the diploid eggs produced by the females of tetraploid hybrids of red crucian carpx common carp were able to develop to living diploid fish after subjecting to activation of the uv - irradiated sperm 人工誘導異源四倍體鯽鯉的雌核發育異源四倍體鯽鯉能產生二倍體卵子，用uv處理鏡鯉的精子，不進行染色體的加倍處理，能獲得二倍體雌核發育魚，通過冷休克對“受精卵”進行處理，仍然獲得了二倍體雌核發育魚。
Tetraploid black locust is a variety has been bred in south korea , the leaves of which are 3 times larger than those of diploid varieties and contain 1 . 4 times more protein . and it has no prickles on its surface . it can be used not only as pioneer species in environmental beautifying and ecological restoration , also as fodder , bee forage , timber production , and so on 四倍體刺槐是韓國培育出的刺槐新品種，屬無刺類型，其葉片大小為普通二倍體刺槐的4倍，蛋白質含量為1 . 4倍多，不但可以作為先鋒樹種廣泛應用于環境美化和生態建設中，還可作為飼料、蜜源和木材等不僅具有較好的生態效益，同時還具有很高的經濟價值。
And the regenerated tetraploid and its diploid were different in inheritance . by the upper research , the best induction method of pepper polyploid and appropriate concentration and periods of colchicines were obtained . the acknowledge of polyploid was deeper via the morphological and cytological examination and peroxidase isozymes 通過以上研究，我們得到了辣椒同源四倍體誘導的最佳方法和秋水仙堿的最佳處理濃度和處理時間，并從過氧化物同功酶變化，輔以形態解剖學觀察、染色體鑒定，綜合分析，對多倍體的認識更加深入細致。
In this research project , the agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of badh gene of tetraploid black locust has been studied , for the purpose of improving resistance to soline - alkali and drought of tetraploid black locust ; of playing more important role in developing of waste lands , ameliorating of soline - alkali soil , and greening and beautifying of surface - mined lands , mine waste dumps , slopes of roads and railroads where restoration of vegetative cover has proven difficult ; of fully making benefits of its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil 為了進一步提高四倍體刺槐的耐鹽性和抗旱性，進一步擴大其適宜種植的生態范圍，充分發揮其固氮、改良土壤的特性，在我國的城鎮綠化、荒山造林、鹽堿地改良以及采礦跡地、公路、鐵路邊坡等植物生長困難土地的植被恢復中發揮其優勢，本實驗對四倍體刺槐進行了農桿菌介導的甜菜堿醛脫氫酶基因轉化的研究。
? as same as most other schizothoracinae fishes , qinghai - lake nakked car ps may be tetraploid that already were diploidization ; ? qinghai - lake nakked carps arose from some primitive barbinae fishes , which gradually became special population adapting to high altitude environment by involvement and natural selection , on protein electrophoresis , out of 20 protein loci among 132 individuals in the present experiment , only t mdh > amy est and pod showed polymorphism 在蛋白水平上，共檢測了132尾裸鯉的20個遺傳座位，僅發現tf , mdh 、 amy 、 est和pod五個座位表現出多態性，其中， tf 、 mdh 、 amy和est四個座位均有一對等位基因；而pod座位表現出復雜的電泳圖譜，未進行深入分析。
With the cold shock , the diploid eggs also developed to diploid gynogens after the activation of the uv - irradiated sperm , no tetraploid gynogens being found , suggesting that it is difficult to double the chromosome from the diploid to tetraploid by means of cold shock treatment 沒有檢測到雌核發育四倍體。這表明通過冷休克讓二倍體卵子加倍成四倍體比較困難，但是經冷休克處理獲得的雌核發育魚的孵化率高于沒有進行冷休克處理的。
Laticorymbus might be originated in the yunnan - guzhou plateau , and then migrated southeastwards to the south areas of the chanfjiang river . the tetraploid cytoype of var . scaberulus might originate in eastern china , expanding northwestwards to the yunnan - guzhou plateau and sishun 寬傘變種6x細胞型起源于云貴高原，并由西向東傳播，廣布于長江以南地區，微糙變種4x細胞型在華東地區起源，山東向西擴散至云貴高原和四川。
The hatching rate of the gynogens with the cold shock was higher than that of the untreated gynogens . all the gyngens with and without cold shock were examined to be diploid females with 100 chromosomes , providing the evidence that the females of the tetraploid population are homogamety ( xxx ) 冷休克處理和未冷休克處理的雌核發育魚均是二倍體( 2n = 100 )的雌魚，這證明了異源四倍體螂鯉是雌性的性別決定類型屬于xxxx類型。
Forty - two steady tetraploid lines induced by the colchicines had been created from 1994 to 1996 , three high - yield lines and eight high - sugar content lines have been selectively bred through plot identification trial during the years of 2001 to 2003 1994 ~ 1996年用秋水仙堿誘變出四倍體穩定系42個，經2001 ~ 2003年小區鑒定，選育出高產品系3個，高糖品系8個，為甜菜多倍體育種創造了寶貴的基礎材料。
Zou s , li s , cai w , zhao j , yang h . establishment of fertile tetraploid population of blunt snout bream ( megalobrama amblycephala ) . 2003 ’ forum on fishery science and technology , guangzhou , china 鄒曙明.牙鲆和大菱鲆養殖群體的分子標記和遺傳變異.中國水產學會年會(武漢) （ 2000年3月1日- 4日）
Through identified , the number of triploid plants was 34 , the number of pentaploid plants was 9 , and the rest was tetraploid plant ( 328 ) 以32株三倍體和9株五倍體構建了一個種間有性分析群體。
Two diploid gametes may fuse to give a tetraploid zygote , or gamete may develop directly by parthenogenesis 兩個二倍體配子融合可能產生一個四倍體合子，這樣的配子也可以通過孤雌生殖直接發育而來。
Since the first tetraploid was obtained in 1939 , polyploidy breeding has always been the focus of watermelon breeding 從1939年獲得第一個四倍體西瓜以來，多倍體育種就一直是西瓜育種的一個熱點。
It is extraordinarily important to select tetraploid lines for breeding sugar beet polyploid varieties 摘要四倍體品系選育是甜菜多倍體育種不可缺少的重要環節。

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tetraploid

tetraploid n.,adj.【生物學】四倍體(的)。n.-y 

tetrapod

Through identified , the number of triploid plants was 34 , the number of pentaploid plants was 9 , and the rest was tetraploid plant ( 328 ) 以32株三倍體和9株五倍體構建了一個種間有性分析群體。

Two diploid gametes may fuse to give a tetraploid zygote , or gamete may develop directly by parthenogenesis 兩個二倍體配子融合可能產生一個四倍體合子，這樣的配子也可以通過孤雌生殖直接發育而來。

Since the first tetraploid was obtained in 1939 , polyploidy breeding has always been the focus of watermelon breeding 從1939年獲得第一個四倍體西瓜以來，多倍體育種就一直是西瓜育種的一個熱點。

It is extraordinarily important to select tetraploid lines for breeding sugar beet polyploid varieties 摘要四倍體品系選育是甜菜多倍體育種不可缺少的重要環節。