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reductase

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reductase n.【化學】還原酶。

n. 【化學】還原酶。 “acetaldebyde reductase“ 中文翻譯：   乙醛還原酶“acetaldehyde reductase“ 中文翻譯：   醇脫氫酶“aldehyde reductase“ 中文翻譯：   乙醛還原酶“aldose reductase“ 中文翻譯：   醛糖還原酶“alpha-reductase“ 中文翻譯：   α還原酶“apiose reductase“ 中文翻譯：   芹菜糖還原酶“aps reductase“ 中文翻譯：   腺苷酰硫酸還原酶“ascorbate reductase“ 中文翻譯：   抗壞血酸還原酶“asparagusate reductase“ 中文翻譯：   天冬酸還原酶“azo reductase“ 中文翻譯：   偶氮還原酶“azobenzene reductase“ 中文翻譯：   偶氮苯還原酶“biliverdin reductase“ 中文翻譯：   膽綠素還原酶“carbonyl reductase“ 中文翻譯：   碳酰還原酶“cholestenone reductase“ 中文翻譯：   膽甾烯酮還原酶“cobaalamin reductase“ 中文翻譯：   鈷胺還原酶“cobalamin reductase“ 中文翻譯：   鈷胺素還原酶“cortisone reductase“ 中文翻譯：   脫氫皮質酮還原酶“coumarate reductase“ 中文翻譯：   香豆酸帶原酶“cucurbitacin reductase“ 中文翻譯：   葫蘆素還原酶“cystine reductase“ 中文翻譯：   胱氨酸還原酶“cytochrome reductase“ 中文翻譯：   細胞色素還原酶“digydrofolate reductase“ 中文翻譯：   二氫葉酸還原酶“dihydrodipicolinate reductase“ 中文翻譯：   二氫吡啶二羧酸還原酶“xylulose reductase“ 中文翻譯：   木酮糖還原酶“reductase kinase“ 中文翻譯：   還原酶激酶“reductant-oxidant“ 中文翻譯：   氧化還原劑

reduction

The purposes of this project were to further analyze the characteristics of their iron efficiency under iron stress , to study the physiological and molecular mechanisms of iron efficiency under iron deficiency in c . junos and m . xiaojinensis , and to analyze the spatial expression model of fcr ( ferric chelate reductase ) gene under iron stress with the hope to cast a new light on iron stress tolerance on the molecular level , to lay solid foundations for cloning fcr gene in c . junos and m . xiaojinensis , and to provide some basic data for creating new rootstocks with excellent complex characters and iron efficiency 本研究通過進一步分析香橙和小金海棠的耐缺鐵特性，研究它們耐缺鐵的生理原因和分子基礎，并通過分析三價鐵螯合物還原酶基因的空間表達模式，從分子水平上去探討植物耐缺鐵的原因，為從香橙和小金海棠中克隆三價鐵螯合物還原酶基因奠定基礎，并為人工創造耐缺鐵的果樹砧木提供基礎研究數據。

Depending on cellular location and function of thioredoxins , there are two thioredoxin systems in high plants , one is nadp / thioredoxin system mainly existing in chloroplast of high plant and eucaryote algae and oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryote , which is composed of nadph , nadph - dependent thioredoxin reductase , thioredoxin - f and thioredoxin - m 在高等植物中，存在兩個與硫氧還蛋白密切相關的硫氧還蛋白系統：一個是位于葉綠體中的鐵氧還蛋白-硫氧還蛋白系統，該系統中含有兩類核基因編碼的硫氧還蛋白即f -型trx和m -型trx 。

Inhibitors of cyp51 , such as azalanstat ( rs - 2i607 ) and rs - 2i745 , could inhibit the synthesis of ff - mas to decrease the accumulation of ff - mas . inhibitor of a14 - reductase , such as ay9944 - a - 7 , could inhibit the metabolism of ff - mas to increase the accumulation of ff - mas ; and some other reagents , such as nystatin , could combine with the downstream intermediate in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway to accumulate mas . in this study , we investigated the role of mas by using these reagents to change the level of endogenous ff - mas 抑制cyp51酶的抑制劑，如azalanstat ( rs - 21607 )和rs - 21745等，均能抑制mas的合成，降低mas的積累；而抑制14 -還原酶的抑制劑，如ay9944 - a - 7等，能抑制ff - mas向t - mas的轉化而造成ff - mas的積累；還有一些物質，如制霉菌素，能阻止mas向下游的代謝而造成其積累，本文主要通過應用這些物質降低、或增加組織細胞中內源性mas的積累，來研究mas的作用。

When inadequate n was added , the chloroplast structure in mesophyll cell was damaged in ear leaf , the amount of carbohydrate decreased in mestome sheath , and excessive n - redistribution and n - transportation to grain from vegetative mass appeared , which resulted in earlier leaf senescence . excessive n application led to too high activity of nitrate reductase , excessive vigorous nitrogen metabolism and too much exhaustion of carbohydrate in ear leaf , which resulted in the lack of enough carbohydrate in the lower leaf , meanwhile , the expansive chloroplast grana lamellae in leaf mesophyll cell and starch grain without nuclear in mestome sheath cell was observed , which led to the decrease of chlorophyll content and photosythetic capacity in maize leaf , then the early senescence occured 氮肥用量不足導致穗葉葉肉細胞葉綠體結構性差，維管束鞘細胞碳水化合物累積減少,營養體氮素再分配率大而引起葉片早衰；而過量供氮則導致生長后期硝酸還原酶活性過高，氮素代謝過旺，消耗了大量碳水化合物，以致下位葉不能得到充足的碳水化合物供應而提早脫落，同時葉肉細胞葉綠體片層結構膨脹，呈“肉汁化”特征，維管束鞘細胞淀粉粒大量消耗，無核淀粉粒出現，從而葉片葉綠素含量下降，光合能力降低而出現早衰。

This study was to investigate the effects of sulfur dioxide inhalation at different concentrations on some glutathione - related enzymes such as glutathione s - transferase ( gst ) , glucose 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase ( g6pd ) and glutathione reductase ( gred ) in brain , lung , heart , liver , kidney and spleen of mice by the technology of biochemical toxicology . the results were showed as follows , so2 exposure at different concentrations caused the changes of glutathione redox system . moreover , the activities of antioxidative enzymes and the contents of reduced glutathione ( gsh ) were decreased significantly in different tissues at higher concentrations of soa 本研究利用生化毒理學技術研究了不同濃度二氧化硫吸入( 22 2mg m ~ 3 ， 64 3mg m ~ 3 ， 148 23mg m ~ 3 )對純系昆明小鼠腦、肺、心、肝、腎、脾六種組織的谷胱甘肽還原酶( glutathionereductase ， gred ) 、谷胱甘肽硫轉移酶( glutathiones - transferase ， gst )和葡萄糖- 6 -磷酸脫氫酶( glucose6 - phosphmedehydrogenase ， g6pd )活性的影響，結果表明so _ 2吸入使小鼠不同組織的谷胱甘肽氧化還原系統發生了改變，表現為隨著so _ 2吸入濃度的增加，該系統中的抗氧化酶活性的顯著變化和抗氧化物質水平的顯著降低，且存在著組織差異性。

Especially , apoptin is partially similar with ribonucleotide reductase , uridylate kinase and phosphotriesterase in the amino acid sequence . the similarity between them indicates that apoptin maybe takes part in the signal pathway of apoptosis with phosphotriesterase activity or operates on hnrna with ribonucleotide reductase or uridylate kinase activity 凋亡素與它們的長序列相似性表明，它可能具有磷脂酶活性，在細胞信號通路中起作用；或者具有核糖核苦酸還原酶和尿苦酸激酶活性而對hnrna發揮作用；或者是與其中具有某種活性的蛋白質存在競爭性抑制作用。

L lp - hsdl ma of i . 5kb was detected in the rna extracted from cult ' ured chorionic trophoblast using northem blot hybridhation method . the expression of ll6 - hsdl wa was induced by treating the chorionic cells with dexamethasone ( l0 - ' , l0 ' m ) for 24h , and the induction was blocked by co - treatinent of the cells with ru486 . these results suggest a gr - mediated effect of glucocorticoid on the rnrna expression and reductase activity of l l 9 - hsd1 人h合成的肌?一加x門’ m ）對培養的絨毛膜滋養層細胞的11p hsdi還原酶活性具有誘導作用，此誘導作用可以被gr阻斷劑ru486門0川）所阻斷； northern印跡雜交方法進一步證實， dex亦可誘導絨毛膜滋養層細胞11p叫inrna的表達，此誘導作用也可以被ru486門0叫川）所阻斷

Two types of 11 - hsds were identified in vertebrates : whereas 11 - hsd2 , a nad - dependent oxidase , functions exclusively to convert biologically active gc into its inert form , attenuating gc ' s action , 11b - hsd1 was shown to act as a predominant nadp - dependent reductase in tact cells , thus amplifying gc ' s action 在體內，至少存在兩種亞型的11 - hsd 。 11 - hsd2主要分布于鹽皮質激素( mineralocorticoidhormone , mc )的靶器官，表現為單一的氧化酶活性，與作用底物的親和力較高，親和常數在nm水平。

The sequences of intron , however , had only 74 % of homology with those of a . thaliana ban . in addition , amino acid sequence of oilseed rape ban had 78 % of homology and 87 % of similarity with those of a . thaliana and had various homologies ( 55 - 64 % ) with many nadph - dependent reductases of other plants 將甘藍型油菜ban氨基酸序列進行同源比較，發現甘藍型油菜ban片段的181個氨基酸與擬南芥有78的氨基酸序列相同，相似性達87 ；與80多種植物的nadph還原酶類也有不同程度的同源性( 55 - 64 ) 。

A aada2 cassette , encoding aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase , was found in 2 isolates of shigella sonnei , and a two cassettes array of dfra1 , encoding dihydrofolate reductase , and aadala in one isolate of shigella sonnei , and another two cassettes array of dfra1 7 and aada5 in two isolates of shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri y - variant each , and a dfrv cassette in one isolate of shigella flexneri 6 , respectively 對其可變區測序分析，其中2株宋內志賀菌i類整合子均攜帶1個基因盒，為氨基糖昔腺營酞基轉移酶( aminoglycosideadenylyltransferase ) az基因( aa朔2 ) ，編碼對鏈霉素的抗性。

The paper summarize some relevant data and introduces the current research situation about the offects of intragen on photosynthesis , chlorophyll , photosynthetic rate , effeciency of solar energy utilization , dark reaction and photorespiration etc . , on respiration and on some metabolic enzymes , including nitrate reductase , enzyme protective system of membrane - lipid peroxidation 綜合國內外有關文獻,介紹了氮素對植物光合作用(包括光合色素、光合速率、光能利用率、光合暗反應、光呼吸等) 、呼吸作用和一些代謝酶(包括硝酸還原酶、膜脂過氧化酶促防御系統)的影響。

The results showed that the cucumber seeds soaked with extracts of total alkaloid , dissoluble alkaloid and fat - soluble alkaloid from p . multisectum ( maxim . ) bobr . , the activities of amylase , protease and lipase during seed germination were inhibited , the seed vigor and germination rate were suppressed , and respiration rate of seedling was slackened ; root activity , chlorophyll content and activities of nitrate reductase , superoxide dismutase sod ) and peroxidase ( pod ) of cucumber seedlings during seedlings growth were increased 結果表明，多裂駱駝蓬總生物堿提取液、水溶性生物堿提取液和脂溶性生物堿提取液浸種均抑制黃瓜種子萌發過程中淀粉酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性，種子活力和萌發速率降低，呼吸速率減慢；幼苗生長過程中根系活力、硝酸還原酶活性升高，葉綠素含量增加，超氧化物歧化酶( sod )和過氧化物酶( pod )活性提高。

The changes of the three aspects have the cause - and - effect relationships : changes of soil moisture and temperature were affected directly by the farming practice , subsequently , the content of soil nitrate nitrogen was affected by the former changes , ultimately , the soil nitrate reductase ( nr ) and nitrite reductase ( nir ) activities were affected by the formers 由通徑分析的路徑系數比較，土壤含水量( 0 . 3604 )土壤溫度( 0 . 3091 )硝態氮含量( 0 . 1212 ) ，并共同作用于土壤硝酸還原酶活性。 2冬小麥的不同生育期地膜覆蓋的農作措施顯著的增加了土壤中n _ 2o排放通量。

In this study , we first constructed a vector containing human elongation factor la subunit promoter ( pef - 1 ) for transcription of genes of interests , and mouse dihydrofolate reductase ( dhfr ) gene under control of sv40 promoter ( psv4o ) for clonal selection and amplification . the vector was named ped5 本研究首先構建了含有人延伸因子1亞基啟動子( p _ ( ef - 1 ) )和小鼠二氫葉酸還原酶( dhfr )加壓擴增基因的表達載體ped5 ，用于外源基因的常規表達。

It was suggested that the gene t13m11 . 8 could be the ast candidate gene . this gene was 1432bp long with 6 exons and 5 introns . the putative protein of t13m11 . 8 gene was highly homologous to dihydroflavonol 4 - reductase ( dfr ) , which was an important enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway 該基因的dna序列長1432bp ，含有6個外顯子和5個內含子，編碼的蛋白與花青苷生物合成途徑中的二氫黃酮醇4 -還原酶有較高的同源性。

Lovastatin , the 3 - hydroxy - 3 - methylglutaryl - coenzyme a ( hmg - coa ) reductase inhibitor , is generally applied in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia . it is recently demonstrated that lovastatin inhibits proliferation of tumor cells and triges apoptosis 近年來已有研究發現， lovastatin能夠有效抑制多種腫瘤細胞株增殖并誘導細胞凋亡，關于lovastatin在腫瘤抑制機理及其腫瘤治療效應研究已經受到極大關注。

3 . ewe radiometric conversion assay showed that hela cells have the reductase activity of ll9 - hsdl , which suggests there is the molecular system for llp - hsdl expression in hela cells . and other reports showed hela cells express gr 利用tlc方法證實人類子宮癌細胞株hela具有11po酶活性，而且文獻報道hela細胞株表達gr ，說明hela細胞株是研究gc調節11p0機制比較的理想模型

Nitrate is converted to ammonium by nitrate reductase and ammonium is then incorporated into glutamine and gluamate , either by the glutamine synthase - glutamate synthase ( gs - gogat ) pathway or by glutamate dehydrogenase ( gdh ) 硝酸鹽在硝酸還原酶作用下被轉化為銨，接著所產生的銨在谷氨酰胺合成酶-谷氨酸合酶( gs - gogat )或谷氨酸脫氫酶( gdh )的作用下與谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸結合。

It also has great change in the concentration of nitrate reductase among the provenance no matter when is in april of the dormancy period or in june of the growing period , with the same change trend for the same provenance 無論是生長期( 6月份)還是休眠期( 4月份)各種源間硝酸還原酶濃度都有很大差異，即生長快的種源硝酸還原酶濃度也高，反之則低。