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premolar n.,adj.【解剖學】前磨牙(的),前臼齒(的)。

premonish

Ion objective : to investigate effect of nd : yag laser irradiating root canals on periapical tissue . methods : three minipigs were used in this study , deciduous premolars were opened , pulps were extracted , root canals were enlarged , then irradiated with nd : yag laser 30s and filled conventionally . the changes of periapical tissue were observed after 1 , 3 , 7 and 15 days . results : after one day , periapical tissue showed enlargement and engorgement of blood vessel and a few of leukocyte , the changes were more serious than in control . after 3 and 7 days , there were minor reactions in periapical tissue and same as the control group . after 15 days , periapical membrance in most specimens was normal . slight inflammatory reaction was found in the test group as same as in control group . conclusion : there was little damage to periapical tissue with the laser irradiation 目的:觀察激光在根管內照射后對根尖周組織的作用.方法:選3只小型豬,全麻下將乳前磨牙開髓、抽髓,根管擴大后,激光照射30秒,做常規根管充填.對照組為常規根管充填. 1天、 3天、 7天和15天后觀察根尖周組織的變化.結果:激光照射后1天,根周膜血管充血、輕度炎癥,對照組只有根尖周膜充血.激光組組織反應比對照組稍重.激光照射后3天和7天,少數病例根周組織有輕度的刺激與對照組的病理表現相近.激光照射后15天部分標本根周膜正常,部分標本有輕度炎癥反應,與對照組結果基本相似.結論:本激光照射條件對根尖周組織沒有明顯損傷作用,可供臨床應用時參考

Results : with three different retainer designs , the retainer on the second premolar and the first molar exerted the smallest stress on the abutment and its periodontal tissue , while the retainer on the first premolar and the first molar had the largest stress 結果:在3種不同的固位體設計方式中,固位體放置在第二前磨牙與第一磨牙之間時,基牙及牙周組織受力最小;固位體放置在第一前磨牙與第一磨牙上,基牙與牙周組織受力最大。

Ru1ls : the root surface with high root caries prevalence rate are labial surfaces of incisor and canine , mandibular premolar and molar , lingual surfaces of mandibular incisor and canine and maxillary molar , distal surface of premolar and mesial surface of molar 結果:根面齲易感性高的根面為前牙、下領前磨牙、磨牙的唇(頰)面、下前牙與上領磨牙的舌面、前磨牙的遠中面、磨牙的近中面。

Bilateral mandibular premolar teeth of rabbits were extracted under abdomen anesthesia ( 2 % glutababituratic acid ) , then l2 titanium implants were placed into the teeth extraction holes of one side and left the other side to be the control one 結論:多糖-蛋白復合物在鈦種植體形成骨附著及維持鈦的生物相容性方面可能具有重要作用,并推測其與骨代謝活性密切相關。

The long axises of miniature pigs teeth are 6 . 1 in the upper first molar , 6 . 5 in the lower first molar , 7 . 3 in the upper third premolar , 3 . 8 in the lower third premolar 結論小型豬咀嚼肌的形態、起止點、肌力方向都與人類有較大的相似性;第三前磨牙與第一磨牙長軸為近中傾斜,與人類第一前磨牙和第一磨牙近似。

The first group is the 6 incisors , the next group is the four premolars on the bottom and top of each side , and the final group is the three top molars and two molars on the bottom of each side 第一組是6顆門齒,第二組是每邊的底部和頂端上的四個小臼齒,最后的一組是兩邊頂端三顆臼齒和底部的二顆臼齒。

The teeth located between the cuspids and the molars , having either two or three cusps . the bicuspids are numbered 4 , 5 , 12 , 13 , 20 , 21 , 28 & 29 . also known as premolars 位于尖牙和磨牙(臼齒)之間的牙,所有雙尖牙都有兩個或三個牙尖.雙尖牙被編號為4 , 5 , 12 , 13 , 20 , 21 , 28和29 .也被稱為前磨牙(臼齒)

This paper illustrated the characters about root canal morphology of mandibular premolars , including the formation , configurations , racial difference , classification and methods for study 本文簡要介紹下頜前磨牙多種解剖結構的形成、形態特點、人種差異、分型和研究方法。

They studied about 80 , 000 fossils , predominately molars and premolars , to reveal when 132 different species of small rodents first arose ? and when the animals disappeared 他們研究了大約8萬塊化石.大多是臼齒和前臼齒的,以探明132個小型嚙齒目物種何時產生又何時消亡

Deviations are level bites , extra premolars , missing incisors , premolars and / or back molars , and poor occlusion 水平咬合,多出的臼齒,缺失門齒、小臼齒及后面的臼齒,和閉合不正都屬于缺陷。

Unlimited amalgam ( silver ) filings for posterior teeth due to decay . posterior teeth means premolar & molar 無限次因蛀牙而導致的后牙銀粉補牙,后牙指犬齒以后的牙齒。

Width between left and right premolars in upper and lower arch are increased while decreased between lower molars 在咬合打開后,進行咬合打開前、后的模型測量研究。

Results : clinical crown height of upper premolars lower premolars and lower molars are increased 對照組12例,為條件相當而未作治療的兒童。

The restoration of premolar residual crown with pivot core casting crown 樁核鑄造冠修復前磨牙殘冠

Vertical changes in skeletal class patients after premolar extractions 垂直向關系的影響