P - photosphere 中文 - EN166

photosphere n.【天文學】光球；光球層。

photostat
The two sunspots of a pair have different polarities , one would be a magnetic north and the other is a magnetic south . thus , we believe that there are magnetic field lines joining the two sunspots of a pair . the strong magnetic field locks the gas of the photosphere in places and inhibits the hotter gas below to rise at the sunspots 黑子經常成雙成對出現，每對皆由極性相反的黑子組成，若一個為磁北，另一個必為磁南，由此我們估計每對黑子皆由磁力線所連系，強大的磁場牽制著光球層上的氣體，并阻止了下層較熾熱的氣體上升至黑子范圍，結果黑子比太陽表面其他地方溫度較低。
Sunspots are dark regions on the sun s surface , where their temperatures are lower than the average temperature of the photosphere 6 , 000 degrees celsius , and are presumably associated with the strong magnetic field . the strength of the magnetic fields is thousands times stronger than earth s . such strong magnetic field keeps sunspots at 4 , 500 degree celsius and also serves as a reservoir of energy for explosive events like solar flares 太陽黑子是太陽表面的暗黑區域，溫度較光球層的平均溫度攝氏6 , 000度低，而區域內的磁場比地球的磁場還要高出數千倍，這強大的磁場除了令黑子處于攝氏4 , 500度外，更為爆發性現象如太陽耀斑提供了能量。
Her affection for him was now the breath and life of tess s being ; it enveloped her as a photosphere , irradiated her into forgetfulness of her past sorrows , keeping back the gloomy spectres that would persist in their attempts to touch her - doubt , fear , moodiness , care , shame 她對他的愛現在達到了極點，成了她生命的存在它像一團靈光把她包圍起來，讓她眼花繚亂，忘記了過去的不幸，趕走了那些企圖向她撲來的憂郁的幽靈疑慮恐懼郁悶煩惱羞辱。
The amount of sunspots on the photosphere is periodic with a period of about 11 years . at the beginning of the period , sunspots will appear at higher latitudes i . e . far away from the equator of the sun . then , the number of sunspots will increase and they will appear at lower latitudes 太陽黑子的多寡變化有一個十一年的周期，在周期之始，黑子基本上出現在緯度較高的地方即離太陽赤道較遠，接著太陽黑子數目會不斷增多，并且會向赤道靠攏。
Nothing can be cooler than 0k . the gas below the photosphere has a higher temperature and so will rise up to the photosphere . after releasing its energy , the gas will become cooler and darker 光球層之下的氣體溫度比光球層高，就好像沸騰的水，底層的氣體會向上升，當這些熾熱氣體把能量釋放后，便會變冷變暗，然后沉降回光球層之下，這種對流運動產生了稱為
The density of the gas in the photosphere is just right that below it , the gas is very dense and light cannot directly get through . while above it , the gas is thin enough to allow us seeing through 我們可以看見光球層，原因是它的氣體密度剛剛好，在它之下的氣體密度太大，光線不能通過在它之上的氣體則足夠稀薄，能讓光球層發出的光線順利通過。
Are dark small regions on the sun . their temperature is only 4000k compared to 6000k elsewhere in the photosphere . since they are cooler , less light is produced and they appear as black spots 是太陽的黑暗區域，溫度只有約4000度，由于相對來說它們比光球層其他地方冷，產生的光亦較少，所以看來較暗。
It turns out that zinc , gallium , and copper are very difficult to measure precisely in the solar photosphere so our measurements of the sun may not be quite right 其結果是在太陽光球層中的鋅、鎵、銅恰好是很難測定的，那么我們對太陽的測量方法可能不是很正確。
Her hopes mingled with the sunshine in an ideal photosphere which surrounded her as she bounded along against the soft south wind 迎著溫柔的南風，她一路跳躍著向前走去，她的希望同陽光融合在一起，似乎幻化成了一道環繞著她的光環。
The visible surface of the sun ( the photosphere ) has a granular appearance with a typical dimension of a granule being 1000 kilometers 有形的太陽表面（光球），有顆粒狀的外觀與一個典型的維某顆粒被1000公里。
K . we still cannot completely explain why the temperature of the chromosphere and corona can be higher than the photosphere 度。為甚么日冕和色球層的溫度可以比光球層更高，仍是天文學上一個未解之謎。
K . it is much fainter than the photosphere , so we can see it usually only during a total solar eclipse 度。有趣的是，它相對來說比光球層暗，所以通常只能在日全食時才能看見它。
Thus , the photosphere defines the surface of the sun . its temperature is about 6000k 所以，光球層界定了肉眼可見的太陽表面，它的溫度約為絕對溫度6000度。
Above the photosphere is another layer of gas , about 2 , 000km thick , called the 在光球層之上，是一層約為二千公里厚的
There is no sharp break between the photosphere and the outer atmosphere of the sun on one side and the solar interior on the other . 無論在光球與它上面的太陽大氣之間，或是在光球層與它下面的太陽本體之間，都沒有明顯的突變。
A continuous flow of energy is supplied to the photosphere to make good the prodigious losses by radiation . 有一種連續不斷的能流供給光球，以彌補輻射造成的巨大損耗。
The chromosphere is a frothy layer churned up by gases in the photosphere . 色球層在光球層氣體的攪拌下是個多泡層。