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petiole

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petiole n.1.【植物；植物學】葉柄。2.【動物；動物學】(昆蟲...

n. 1.【植物；植物學】葉柄。 2.【動物；動物學】(昆蟲的)柄，腹柄。 “common petiole“ 中文翻譯：   總葉柄“cotyledon petiole“ 中文翻譯：   子葉柄“dasheen petiole“ 中文翻譯：   芋梗“epiglottic petiole“ 中文翻譯：   會厭軟骨莖“lotus petiole“ 中文翻譯：   荷梗“partial petiole“ 中文翻譯：   分葉柄“petiole of epiglottis“ 中文翻譯：   會厭軟骨莖“petiole sheath“ 中文翻譯：   葉柄鞘“primary petiole“ 中文翻譯：   總葉柄“secondary petiole“ 中文翻譯：   小葉柄“winged petiole“ 中文翻譯：   翼葉“fortune windmillpalm petiole“ 中文翻譯：   棕板; 棕櫚“hindu lotus petiole“ 中文翻譯：   荷梗; 蓮梗“hop petiole crinkle virus“ 中文翻譯：   酒花麻皺葉柄病毒; 酒花麻皺葉柄簿“lotus petiole petiolus“ 中文翻譯：   荷梗“maple petiole borer“ 中文翻譯：   槭蛀柄葉蜂“petiole nitrate nitrogen“ 中文翻譯：   葉柄硝態氮“petiole of fortunes windmill palm“ 中文翻譯：   棕板“petiole of fortunes windmillpalm“ 中文翻譯：   棕板“petiole rot disease“ 中文翻譯：   葉柄腐病“poplar petiole gall aphid“ 中文翻譯：   楊癭綿蚜“protion of a cross-section of a petiole“ 中文翻譯：   葉柄部分橫切面“petiolated“ 中文翻譯：    petiolate(d) adj. 1.有葉柄的。 2.(昆蟲)具柄的。 “petiolate“ 中文翻譯：    petiolate(d) adj. 1.有葉柄的。 2.(昆蟲)具柄的。 “petiolas epiglottidis“ 中文翻譯：   會厭軟骨柄“petiolar“ 中文翻譯：   adj. 【植物；植物學】葉柄的；生在葉柄上的；從葉柄上伸出的。 2.【動物；動物學】(昆蟲)柄的。

Here we found g proteins also function in leaf , silique development and the yield of pollen microspore . we observed several traits or characters in the offsprings of gpal , agbl null mutation and gpa1 overexpression lines and found that the width of mutants “ lamina is larger than that of the wild type , whereas the lamina length , petiole length and rosette diameter is smaller than the wild type , the ga overexpression lines is different from the mutants ; the silique length and the pedicel length is larger in mutants than that of wild type , and slightly smaller in overexpression lines than the control ; the morphometric character in silique tip is different in gpal from agbl mutants ; the yield of pollen microspore is larger in null mutants than wild type whereas smaller in overexpression lines 實驗中我們跟蹤觀察了多代異三聚體g蛋白a亞基超表達轉基因植株及a ， p亞基缺失突變體的表型特征，發現突變體的葉片寬度大于對應的野生型，葉片長度，葉柄長度及蓮座直徑小于野生型，而超表達植株的上述某些特征與突變體相反; gp時突變體的長角果長度，花梗柄部長度大于野生型，而超表達ga植株種英則略小于對照; gpal突變體長角果尖端未出現咭乙i突變體的特征: gpal ，口gbl突變體花粉生成量大于野生型，而超表達ga植株的花粉生成量則略小于對照。

Here we found g proteins also function in leaf , silique development and the yield of pollen microspore . we observed several traits or characters in the offsprings of gpal , agbl null mutation and gpa1 overexpression lines and found that the width of mutants “ lamina is larger than that of the wild type , whereas the lamina length , petiole length and rosette diameter is smaller than the wild type , the ga overexpression lines is different from the mutants ; the silique length and the pedicel length is larger in mutants than that of wild type , and slightly smaller in overexpression lines than the control ; the morphometric character in silique tip is different in gpal from agbl mutants ; the yield of pollen microspore is larger in null mutants than wild type whereas smaller in overexpression lines 實驗中我們跟蹤觀察了多代異三聚體g蛋白a亞基超表達轉基因植株及a ， p亞基缺失突變體的表型特征，發現突變體的葉片寬度大于對應的野生型，葉片長度，葉柄長度及蓮座直徑小于野生型，而超表達植株的上述某些特征與突變體相反; gp時突變體的長角果長度，花梗柄部長度大于野生型，而超表達ga植株種英則略小于對照; gpal突變體長角果尖端未出現咭乙i突變體的特征: gpal ，口gbl突變體花粉生成量大于野生型，而超表達ga植株的花粉生成量則略小于對照。

petiolule

In p . salicina , leaves with a green petiole were long ellipse and wedge - like at the base , with no hair on the surface and petiole . in p . ameniaca , the leaf was rough on the surface and had hair . with its own germplasm characteristics , p . mume was close to p . ameniaca in genetic relationship 李類植物的葉形為長橢圓形，葉基楔形，葉面無毛，葉柄綠色且無毛；杏類植物葉面粗糙、有毛；梅類植物接近于杏類，與杏類植物有較近的親緣關系，但又表現出豐富的種質特異性。

Cotyledon without petiole showed a significantly lower frequency of shoot regeneration ( 16 . 7 % ) compared with that of entire cotyledon ( 33 . 8 % ) , but the average number of shoots per explant ( 4 . 2 ) was more than that of entire cotyledon ( 2 . 5 ) . no shoot was obtained when the petiole alone was cultured . the frequency of shoot regeneration ( 8 . 3 % , 12 . 5 % ) and average number of shoots per explant ( 2 . 3 , 1 . 7 ) from the upper section of lamina or one side of lamina was lower than those of entire cotyledon 另一方面，以“種都一號”兒菜的不同子葉部位作為外植體所進行的研究結果表明，不帶子葉柄的完整葉片其芽再生率( 16 . 70 )顯著低于帶子葉柄的完整子葉( 33 . 8 ) ，但平均再生芽數，前者( 4 . 2 )卻高于后者( 2 . 5 ) ；子葉柄不能進行芽的分化；不帶子葉柄的子葉尖端和子葉一側，其芽再生率(分別為12 . 5 、 8 . 30 )及再生芽數(分別為2 . 3 、 1 . 7 )也明顯低于帶子葉柄的完整子葉。

Leaves thick leathery , obovate - lanceolate , obovate or oblong - lanceolate , 4 - 12 cm long and 2 - 3 . 5 cm wide , apex rounded , sometimes emarginated , base cuneate , abaxial surface thinly covered with a grayish to fawn indumentum at first , later glabrescent ; petiole 1 - 1 . 5 cm long , glabrescent 葉厚革質，倒卵狀披針形、倒卵形或長圓狀披針形，長4 - 12厘米，寬2 - 3 . 5厘米，頂端近圓形，有時微缺，基部楔形，下面初時薄被灰白色或淡土黃色叢卷毛，后近無毛；葉柄長1 - 1 . 5厘米，后近無毛。

It showed that the induction efficiency of the resistant calli were the same among all explants of different age , but the embryos on the calli from explants of 7 days appeared earlier than those from explants 11 and 30 days . in order to compare the resistant calli induction efficiency , petioles and hypocotyls were excised from 30days aseptic seedlings to transform with pbinctbs under the same condition . the resistant calli induction efficiency of petioles was higher than those of hypocotyls . a more detailed analysis of the different types of explants showed that the number of pcr positive plants induced from petioles was higher than that from hypocotyls 在相同條件下的轉化實驗中，發現不同苗齡的外植體的抗性愈傷的誘導頻率基本相同:還進一步研究了胡蘿卜同一苗齡不同部位的抗性愈傷形成率，同時用3od苗齡(照光3周)的葉柄和下胚軸做轉化實驗，發現葉柄的抗性愈傷形成率高于下胚軸的抗性愈傷形成率，進一步的實驗發現，由葉柄誘導的苗子的陽性率高于由下胚軸誘導的苗子的陽性率，此結果和pawlicki的結論是一致的。

In order to provide the scientific basis for the good agricultural practice ( gap ) of sichuan bai zhi , rapd was firstly used to analyze the genetic polymorphism of different type from sichuan bai zhi and hangzhou bai zhi . the result showed that different color of petiole has not obvious relationship to whether to bolt or not and different localities have more influences on genetic diversity than different color of petiole 為配合川白芷生產質量管理規范化( gap )研究，本文首次采用rapd技術對川白芷生長過程中不同形態的四個類群及杭白芷進行基因組dna多態性分析，認為川白芷葉柄顏色的不同與是否抽薹無明顯的相關性，而產地的差異對遺傳變異的影響大于因其葉柄顏色不同所造成的影響。

Here we found g proteins also function in leaf , silique development and the yield of pollen microspore . we observed several traits or characters in the offsprings of gpal , agbl null mutation and gpa1 overexpression lines and found that the width of mutants “ lamina is larger than that of the wild type , whereas the lamina length , petiole length and rosette diameter is smaller than the wild type , the ga overexpression lines is different from the mutants ; the silique length and the pedicel length is larger in mutants than that of wild type , and slightly smaller in overexpression lines than the control ; the morphometric character in silique tip is different in gpal from agbl mutants ; the yield of pollen microspore is larger in null mutants than wild type whereas smaller in overexpression lines 實驗中我們跟蹤觀察了多代異三聚體g蛋白a亞基超表達轉基因植株及a ， p亞基缺失突變體的表型特征，發現突變體的葉片寬度大于對應的野生型，葉片長度，葉柄長度及蓮座直徑小于野生型，而超表達植株的上述某些特征與突變體相反; gp時突變體的長角果長度，花梗柄部長度大于野生型，而超表達ga植株種英則略小于對照; gpal突變體長角果尖端未出現咭乙i突變體的特征: gpal ，口gbl突變體花粉生成量大于野生型，而超表達ga植株的花粉生成量則略小于對照。

While the fruits ripening process was delayed in leetrl antisense fruits . epinastic of leaves in leetrl antisense plants was only occasionally observed , which was not observed in leetr2 antisense plants ; ( 5 ) when treated by exogenous ethylene ( 25ul / l ) , the abscission of antisense leetr2 petiole explants was delayed . moreover , leaf epinasty failed to be induced by ethylene treatment c , which suggested that these tissues were insensitive to ethylene ( 5 )植株衰老和葉片脫落延遲，花瓣脫落也明顯的延遲，在轉反義leetr1基因番茄的果實成熟特性被明顯改變，表現在乙烯釋放高峰延遲，果實顏色出現變異，以及和成熟相關的酶活性的改變，然而，轉反義leetr2基因的果實的成熟特性與對照相比無明顯差別。

Leaves 2 , arising from the scale axils , membranous , elliptic to ovate , 1 - 4 cm long and 0 . 5 - 2 cm wide , apex rounded or slightly acute , base rounded or cuneate , margin entire and wavy ; veins 3 , middle veins conspicuous , margin veins ca . 0 . 5 mm from the edge ; petiole 1 - 4 . 5 cm long 葉2片自鱗片腋部生出，薄膜質，長橢圓形或卵形，長1 - 4厘米，寬0 . 5 - 2厘米，先端圓或略尖，基部圓形或楔形，邊緣全緣呈波狀；葉脈3條，中脈明顯，緣脈距葉緣約0 . 5毫米；葉柄長1 - 4 . 5厘米。

There was no significant relationship between the ca concentration and other metals concentrations in the roots . but the positive correlation between ca and fe concentrations hi petioles was very significantly . the k , mg , mn and zn concentrations in pinnae decreased as the ca concentration increased 在根部中ca與各種金屬元素都無顯著的相關性；葉柄中ca與fe濃度呈極顯著正相關；在羽葉內， ca濃度的增加明顯降低k 、 mg 、 mn和zn濃度。

Foliage usually dark green ( or sometimes faded ) with dark brown or black necrotic spotting along major leaflet veins often appearing first on under surfaces and also along petiole ; profuse black spotting an sometimes black streaks along stems ) ( “ stem streak necrosis ” ) 馬鈴薯錳中毒：葉片通常深綠（有時褪色） ，深褐色或黑色壞死斑點首先出現在表面內沿著主葉脈一直到葉柄，大量黑色斑點有時沿著莖連成一條黑色條紋（ “莖條紋病” ） 。

Foliage dull pale or yellow - green with slight orange tinting ; irregular brown necrotic patches especially near bases of leaflets or in lateral leaflets ; petioles down - curved giving pronounced convex leaf profile with leaflets coiled or twisted towards undersides 番茄缺鋅：隨著果實輕微變成橙色葉片有暗斑并黃綠相間，不規則的褐色壞死斑點,尤其是小葉的基部或側邊小葉,葉柄向下彎曲,隨著小葉向下側卷起呈圓形或螺旋形

Leaves leathery , oblong - elliptic , rarely ovate - elliptic , 7 - 18 cm long and 3 . 5 - 8 . 5 cm wide , apex abruptly short acuminate or short acuminate , base cuneate , broadly cuneate or obtuse , adaxially dark green and glossy ; petioles without stipular scars 葉革質，長圓狀橢圓形，倒卵狀橢圓形，長7 - 18厘米，寬3 . 5 - 8 . 5厘米，先端驟狹,短漸尖或漸尖，基部楔形、闊楔形或近圓鈍，葉面深綠色，有光澤；葉柄上無托葉痕。

Ca concentration in the plant strongly increased followed by enhancing ca level in solution compared to 0 . 03 mmol / l ca treatment . but the obvious difference about ca content in p . vittata l . between middle and high ca level treatments was not found except that in the petiole 與低鈣處理比較，提高鈣水平，蜈蚣草體內鈣濃度明顯增加，但除葉柄外，中鈣和高鈣處理間其他部位的鈣濃度差別不明顯。

Ball is short and round , good embraces of leaves , the outside leaf is green and wrinkle , light green in petiole , the single ball is 7 - 8 kg , resistant to mildewed , soft , virus disease , bear the hoarding , the quality is good 生育期80 - 85天左右凈菜率80 %以上，葉球短圓筒形，葉球疊抱，植株披張，外葉綠色較皺，葉柄淺綠爭，單株7 - 8公斤，畝產1萬公斤以上，抗霜霉，軟腐，病毒病，耐貯藏，品質佳

Numerous small rounded dark brown or black necrotic patches in green leaves ; patches often in groups or rows close to midrib or major lateral veins , towards centre or basal areas of leaflects ; petioles green and healthy 缺錳的馬鈴薯葉片：葉片上有大量深褐色或黑色壞死小圓斑，葉的主脈或大部分側脈附近有條狀斑紋，向葉中部和基部擴散，葉柄正常并保持綠色。

As concentration in root was not affected markedly by ca levels , while that of petiole increased and that of pinna decreased significantly . adding as was benefit to take up ca by p . vittata l . in the roots and pinnae 提高溶液中鈣濃度，根部砷濃度不受影響，但葉柄中的砷濃度增加，羽葉中砷濃度有明顯下降，即鈣明顯抑制蜈蚣草羽葉中砷的吸收。

2 establishment of genetic transformation system by agrobacterium rhizogenes the different types of explants ( hypocotyls , cotyledon , leaf blade , petiole ) were infected by strain r1601 of agrobacterium rhizogenes （ 2 0mg l ）上培養30d后經過體細胞胚胎發生途徑產生大量的叢生苗；子葉培養在誘導子葉產生叢生苗培養基（ msoc ） ms ba （ 2 0 。