P - parsimony 中文

parsimony n.吝嗇，小氣；過度節儉。

Similarity coefficient and genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were caculated according to the data of experiments , the pedigree was constructed by two means ( they were upgma and parsimony ) , and genetic diversity was discussedbased on selecting the best conditions of pcr with opg and opa primers from operon company , we obtained 163 bands using 24 random primers . in other words , 163 sites in crested ibis “ genome were detected . the bands from 23 primers showed polymorphism . minimurn of polymorphic ratio was 0 , maximum was 85 . 71 % , and average was 48 . 99 % . in the population which was composed by 37 individuals , most of genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were less than 0 . 1 . the results showed that the degree of similarity among crested ibises was high while genetic diversity in the population was low accordingly 我們在對operon公司opg系列和opa系列引物進行優化篩選的基礎上，用24條隨機引物共擴增出163條譜帶，即檢測了朱?基因組中的163個位點，其中23條引物的擴增結果具有多態性；譜帶的多態比率最小為0 ，最大為85 . 71 ，平均為48 . 99 ；在由37只朱?組成的種群中，任意兩個個體之間的遺傳距離絕大多數在0 . 1以下。這些結果表明，目前朱?個體間的相似程度很高，種群的遺傳多樣性水平較低。
Similarity coefficient and genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were caculated according to the data of experiments , the pedigree was constructed by two means ( they were upgma and parsimony ) , and genetic diversity was discussedbased on selecting the best conditions of pcr with opg and opa primers from operon company , we obtained 163 bands using 24 random primers . in other words , 163 sites in crested ibis “ genome were detected . the bands from 23 primers showed polymorphism . minimurn of polymorphic ratio was 0 , maximum was 85 . 71 % , and average was 48 . 99 % . in the population which was composed by 37 individuals , most of genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were less than 0 . 1 . the results showed that the degree of similarity among crested ibises was high while genetic diversity in the population was low accordingly 我們在對operon公司opg系列和opa系列引物進行優化篩選的基礎上，用24條隨機引物共擴增出163條譜帶，即檢測了朱?基因組中的163個位點，其中23條引物的擴增結果具有多態性；譜帶的多態比率最小為0 ，最大為85 . 71 ，平均為48 . 99 ；在由37只朱?組成的種群中，任意兩個個體之間的遺傳距離絕大多數在0 . 1以下。這些結果表明，目前朱?個體間的相似程度很高，種群的遺傳多樣性水平較低。
Similarity coefficient and genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were caculated according to the data of experiments , the pedigree was constructed by two means ( they were upgma and parsimony ) , and genetic diversity was discussedbased on selecting the best conditions of pcr with opg and opa primers from operon company , we obtained 163 bands using 24 random primers . in other words , 163 sites in crested ibis “ genome were detected . the bands from 23 primers showed polymorphism . minimurn of polymorphic ratio was 0 , maximum was 85 . 71 % , and average was 48 . 99 % . in the population which was composed by 37 individuals , most of genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were less than 0 . 1 . the results showed that the degree of similarity among crested ibises was high while genetic diversity in the population was low accordingly 我們在對operon公司opg系列和opa系列引物進行優化篩選的基礎上，用24條隨機引物共擴增出163條譜帶，即檢測了朱?基因組中的163個位點，其中23條引物的擴增結果具有多態性；譜帶的多態比率最小為0 ，最大為85 . 71 ，平均為48 . 99 ；在由37只朱?組成的種群中，任意兩個個體之間的遺傳距離絕大多數在0 . 1以下。這些結果表明，目前朱?個體間的相似程度很高，種群的遺傳多樣性水平較低。
parsley
The evolutionary characteristics of both stems and loops of 16s rrna gene partial sequence were analyzed . the kimura ' s 2 - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phlogenetic trees were reconstructed by using the neighbor - joining ( nj ) , maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) methods 分析了?科魚類16srrna基因部分序列莖區( stemregions )和環區( loopregions )的進化特點；計算了kimura2 - parameter遺傳距離；并用鄰接法、最大簡約法、最大似然法重建了?科魚類分子系統樹。
8 computer program , then used to calculate di stance matrix with kimura ' s two - parameter method and construct phylogenetic trees by applying neighbor - joining and maximum parsimony analyses using mega2 . 1 computer program . bootstrap analyses were carried out to evaluate statistical reliability based on 500 resamplings of the data set 新鮮或硅膠干燥樣品被用于總dna提取并用于pcr反應， pcr擴增產物回收后直接用于測序反應，序列數據經chstalx1 . 8軟件排序后，采用mega2 . 1軟件根據kimura ’ s雙因子法計算遺傳距離，并應用鄰接法( neighbour - jointing )和最大簡約法( maximumparsimony )構建系統樹， bootstrap法( 500次重復)評估分支可信度。
Mr mulligan accepted of the invitation and , expatiating on his design , told his hearers that he had been led into this thought by a consideration of the causes of sterility , both the inhibitory and the prohibitory , whether the inhibition in its turn were due to conjugal vexations or to a parsimony of the balance as well as whether the prohibition proceeded from defects congenital or from proclivities acquired 151 ”穆利根先生遂接受邀請，對聽眾詳述其計劃。此計劃系根據對不妊之原因進行考察而得，原因包括抑制與禁欲。抑制乃夫婦不和或互不協調所致，禁欲則由于天生缺陷或后天之習癖。
Nov . . the phylogenetic systematic analysis of these gammarus species was studied in the present paper . based on an analysis by paup * 4 . 0 ( phylogenetic analysis using parsimony * and other methods version 4 . 0 ) and macclade 4 . 0 , we presumed that g . lacustris is more primitive compared to the others 論文引言和概述部分通過詳細總結淡水鉤蝦的形態特征、分類系統、生態學與生物學以及經濟價值與利用等方面的研究結果，對淡水鉤蝦的分類依據、分類地位、棲息環境以及生活史等方面作了較為詳盡的介紹。
Aligned with cytochrome b sequences from 29 siluriforms in japan , korea , russia , africa , north america and south america retrieved from genbank , and selected astyanax mexicanus , phenacogrammus interruptus , cyprinus carpio and oncorhynchus mykiss as outgroups , which are belonging to characiformes , cypriniformes and salmoniformes , respectively . we constructed a matrix of 65 dma sequences . the kimura ' s two - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed by using the maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) and neighbor - joining ( nj ) methods 所得序列與從genbank下載的分布于非洲、北美洲和南美洲等地的鲇形目魚類同一基因序列進行排序，并選用脂鯉目( characiformes )的墨西哥麗脂鯉( astyanaxmexicanus ) 、斷線脂鯉( phenacogrammusinterruptus ) ，鯉形目( cypriniformes )的鯉( cyprinuscarpio )以及鮭形目( salmoniformes )大麻哈魚屬的oncorhynchusmykiss作外類群。
Phylogeny analysis is performed with phylip software package and encoding sequence of bdnf gene . the phylogeny trees have been drawn with three different methods ( maximum parsimony method , genetic distance method and maximum likelihood method ) , respectively . the analysis outcomes are not all consistent for the reason that it is closely related to the selected methods and the conservative level of the sequences 采用不同的統計學分析方法，最大簡約法( maximumparsimonymethod ) 、最大似然法( maximumlikelihoodmethod )和遺傳距離法( geneticdistancemethod ) ，得到了物種系統發育進化樹，但拓撲結構并不完全一致，這是可能是因為分子系統學研究與采用的分析方法和所選基因的保守程度即作為分子標記的可信度密切相關。
Similarity coefficient and genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were caculated according to the data of experiments , the pedigree was constructed by two means ( they were upgma and parsimony ) , and genetic diversity was discussedbased on selecting the best conditions of pcr with opg and opa primers from operon company , we obtained 163 bands using 24 random primers . in other words , 163 sites in crested ibis “ genome were detected . the bands from 23 primers showed polymorphism . minimurn of polymorphic ratio was 0 , maximum was 85 . 71 % , and average was 48 . 99 % . in the population which was composed by 37 individuals , most of genetic distances between two arbitrary individuals were less than 0 . 1 . the results showed that the degree of similarity among crested ibises was high while genetic diversity in the population was low accordingly 我們在對operon公司opg系列和opa系列引物進行優化篩選的基礎上，用24條隨機引物共擴增出163條譜帶，即檢測了朱?基因組中的163個位點，其中23條引物的擴增結果具有多態性；譜帶的多態比率最小為0 ，最大為85 . 71 ，平均為48 . 99 ；在由37只朱?組成的種群中，任意兩個個體之間的遺傳距離絕大多數在0 . 1以下。這些結果表明，目前朱?個體間的相似程度很高，種群的遺傳多樣性水平較低。
Analysis of the sequence variation of cytochrome b gene indicated that there is no evidence of insertions or deletions , i . e . , they are all of identical length of 1143 bp in all the sequences of cytochrome b gene . further , the sequences can be fully translated into amino acid using chicken mitochondrial codon without nonsense mutations or intervening stop codons . the 1143 bp cytochrome b alignment contained 416 variable sites , of which 306 were parsimony informative sites with the strongest variable in third codon positions and less variable in first and second codon positions 細胞色素b基因序列變異分析表明： 1 ）雁形目鳥類細胞色素b基因全序列長度一致，無插入和缺失：對照雞線粒體密碼子系統全序列能全部翻譯成氨基酸序列，無無義突變，全序列內部無終止密碼子； 2 ）序列比對后1143加，含416個核著酸變異位點， 306個簡約信息位點，其中處于密碼子第三位的變異最大，第一位和第二位堿基的變異相對較小。
The data matrix for the 37 taxon contained 553 variable sites ( 57 . 6 % ) , of which 336 were phylogenetically informative . the phylogenetic relationships were inferred using the neighbor - joining and maximum - parsimony methods . in mp method , the heuristic search generated two single most parmonious tree 雙蓋藏屬diplazium 、菜蔽屬c公刀ipteris 、短腸蔗屬allantodia和腸獲屬diplaziopsis構成單系起源，在兩種系統樹中分別得到98 % ( mp )和100 % ( nj )的支持率。
Pairwise comparisons of uncorrected sequences distances and kimura 2 - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phylogenetic trees were reconstructed by using the neighbor - joining ( nj ) , maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) methods 分析了?科魚類s7核糖體蛋白基因內含子2序列，計算了p - distance和kimura2 - parameter遺傳距離，并用鄰接法、最大簡約法、最大似然法重建了?科魚類分子系統樹。
Despite the huge credit financing demand and considerable risk of the sme , the city commercial banks cannot adopt “ loan parsimony ” strategy like state - owned commercial banks to avoid the risk by large enterprises 中小企業信貸融資的市場需求很大,同時也存在巨大的風險,城市商業銀行不可能如國有商業銀行那樣采取“惜貸”策略,依靠大企業的方式回避風險,因此中小企業貸款的風險在哪里
Phylogenetic relationship of sequences was constructed by neighbor - joining method in mega and maximum parsimony algorithm in paup . the same two groups were showed in the results , and the group b sequences were more similar to two sequences of caiman crocodilus Nj法和mp法構建的系統樹極為相似， 10種序列聚為兩支( a和b ) ，分支b與凱門鱷的兩種序列的親緣關系較近。
Pennies saved one and two at a time by bulldozing the grocer and the vegetable man and the butcher until one ' s cheeks burned with the silent imputation of parsimony that such c ; ose dea ; ing implied 這些小錢是每次一個兩個向雜貨店、菜販和肉店的老板硬扣下來的；人家雖然沒有明說，自己總是覺得這種掂斤撥兩的交易未免落個吝嗇的惡名，當時羞得臉紅。
The results are agreeable with morphological taxonomy . the software mega was used to analyze the molecular phylogeny and phylogenetic trees were constructed with the neighbor - joining method and the maximum parsimony method 對所得的基因序列用mega軟件包進行系統進化分析， nj法和最大簡約法( mp )構建毛冠鹿和麂屬3種動物的分子系統進化樹。
A little later norton reminded them of hamilton s law of parsimony , the application of which they immediately claimed for every reasoning process of theirs 不久諾爾屯又反提醒他們漢密爾頓的慳吝律。他們隨即宣稱他們的每一個推理過程都是應用著這一規律的。
Kingi and l . marginatoides . out of the aligned homologous sequence of 550 sites obtained , the parsimony informative sites are 97 and occupy 17 . 6 % 比對得到550個位點的同源序列，其中簡約性信息位點97個，約占全部位點的17 . 6 。

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parsimony

parsimony n.吝嗇，小氣；過度節儉。

parsley

A little later norton reminded them of hamilton s law of parsimony , the application of which they immediately claimed for every reasoning process of theirs 不久諾爾屯又反提醒他們漢密爾頓的慳吝律。他們隨即宣稱他們的每一個推理過程都是應用著這一規律的。

Kingi and l . marginatoides . out of the aligned homologous sequence of 550 sites obtained , the parsimony informative sites are 97 and occupy 17 . 6 % 比對得到550個位點的同源序列，其中簡約性信息位點97個，約占全部位點的17 . 6 。