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osmotic pressure

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osmotic pressure 滲透壓(力)，濃差壓。

滲透壓(力)，濃差壓。 “osmotic“ 中文翻譯：   adj. 滲透的。 adv. -motically “pressure“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.壓；按；擠；榨。 2.【物理學】壓力，壓強；大 ...“pressure, osmotic“ 中文翻譯：   滲透壓“capillary osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   毛細血管滲透壓“cocapillary osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   毛細血管滲透壓“colloid osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   膠滲壓; 膠體滲透壓“colloid osmotic pressure of plasma“ 中文翻譯：   血漿膠體滲透壓“colloid osmotic pressure of serum“ 中文翻譯：   血清膠體滲透壓“colloidal osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   膠體滲透壓“crystal osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   晶體滲透壓“crystalloid osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   晶體滲透壓“crytalloid osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   晶體滲透壓“donnan osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   都拿滲透壓“effective osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   有效滲透壓“equilibrium osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   平衡深透壓“medullary osmotic pressure gradient“ 中文翻譯：   髓質滲透壓梯度“net protein osmotic pressure“ 中文翻譯：   凈蛋白滲透壓“osmotic pressure clearance test“ 中文翻譯：   滲透壓清除率試驗“osmotic pressure difference“ 中文翻譯：   滲透壓差; 滲透壓力差“osmotic pressure energy“ 中文翻譯：   滲透壓能“osmotic pressure gauge“ 中文翻譯：   滲壓計“osmotic pressure gradient“ 中文翻譯：   滲透壓力差; 滲透壓梯度; 滲壓梯度“osmotic pressure meters“ 中文翻譯：   浸透壓測定裝置“osmotic pressure of body fluid“ 中文翻譯：   體液滲透壓“osmotic pressure of plasma“ 中文翻譯：   血漿滲透壓

osmous

The corresponding programs in matlab language were presented for various operating mode computations . thus , the excess pore - pressure and void ratio distribution along space - time could be derived . the degree of consolidation , which could be expressed by excess pore - pressure or deformation , was derived for various operating mode and its ’ characteristics along space - time showed rules of warping soil consolidation under osmotic pressure 應用matlab語言編制計算程序對各種工況的超孔隙水壓力消散、孔隙比隨時間和空間的變化進行了求解，對各種計算工況得到的以孔壓和變形表示的固結度的變化規律進行分析，說明滲壓體積力作用下淤填粘土的固結隨時間和空間的非線性分布特性。

The osmotic pressure test was developed to determine the unknown , finite strain consolidation coefficient and convection coefficient in the mathematical model . the two coefficients both varied with effective stress and depth and were functions of initial void ratio , compressibility , permeability and permeability derivative along depth . a precise time step integration method was proposed to solve the finite strain osmotic consolidation equation with varied coefficients 設計滲壓固結試驗確定理論模型中的待定系數有限應變固結系數和有限應變固結對流項系數，這兩個系數均為隨有效應力和土層深度變化的量，并且體現軟土初始孔隙比，壓縮性、滲透性及其沿深度變化等因素的綜合影響。

Osmotic pressure monitoring is one of the items in dam safety monitoring . the automatic monitoring system of dam safety has been developed quickly since 1970 . but for the adverse operation circumstances , high reliability requirements of osmotic pressure automatic monitoring system , it still has some problems in the automatic monitoring system of dam safety 滲壓監測是大壩安全監測中重要的監測項目之一， 20世紀70年代以來，大壩安全自動化監測系統得到了飛速發展，但滲壓自動化監測系統由于其設備運行環境惡劣、可靠性要求高，仍是大壩安全自動化監測系統中存在問題較多的項目之一。

It is known that astrocytes take a key role in the response to hypoosmotic stimulation : astrocytes can perceive the change of osmotic pressure and release taurine which then activates glycine receptors on the neurons , and inhibits the release of vp from the neurons in son 現已發現星形膠質細胞在對低滲刺激的反應中起關鍵性的作用：星形膠質細胞感受滲透壓的變化，通過大量釋放牛磺酸( taurine ) ，作用于神經元上的甘氨酸( glycine )受體，從而抑制神經元釋放血管加壓素( vasopressin ， vp ) 。

Consequently , study on the mechanisms of salt - tolerance in plants and breeding of salt - tolerant plants has become a key issue in plant biology nowadays . as an important plant osmotic regulators , glycine betaine in plants , under the osmotic stress , can be accumulated in order to give the plants high salt - tolerance by reducing osmotic pressure and maintaining proteinic structure in cell 甘氨酸甜菜堿( glycinebetaine )是一種重要的調滲物質，在鹽脅迫下有些植物能通過體內甘氨酸甜菜堿的積累保護細胞內蛋白質的結構和功能，降低細胞水勢，從而來增加自身的耐鹽能力。

The effect of some factors , including the appropriate materials for isolating protoplasts , the concentrations of enzyme , period of digestion and temperatures , and osmotic pressure stabilizers on the isolation and regeneration of protoplasts in penicillium digitatum were studied . the results demonstrated that the purified protoplasts could regenerate through double layers of czapek medium containing 0 . 7mol / l nacl . the regeneration rate could reach 24 . 9 % 通過對制備材料、酶液濃度、酶解時間、酶解溫度、滲透壓穩定劑的種類和濃度等因素的實驗研究，得到了一套制備指狀青霉( penicilliumdigitatum )原生質體的有效方法，并在雙層培養基上初步實現了原生質體的再生，再生率可達24 . 9 。

1 . upon brief reviewing current mathematical and physical models and mechanisms for electrorheological effect , the theoretical analysis of the dielectric relaxation of electrorheological fluids and the frequency - inducing characteristics for electrorheological effect are conducted . based on statistical thermodynamic analysis and osmotic pressure calculating of an electrorheological fluid complex system , phenomenological theory is adopted to evaluated phase reparation characteristics . thus critical factors corresponding to experimental results are introduced 在簡要評述現有電流變效應模型及機理的基礎上，按非均勻介質對雙相復合懸浮液的電流變效應進行理論分析，研究了電流變效應頻率誘導特性；基于復合系統滲透壓的計算，采用統計熱力學唯象理論，討論了電流變效應的相分離特征，獲得了與實驗吻合的臨界參數；首次將定向滲流模型應用于電流變體臨界體積濃度的分析，得出一個描述電流變流體特征而不隨外加電場變化的臨界體積百分數為0 . 37 。

The chemiosmotic hypothesis describes the stomatal opening as a process in which the osmotic materials , mainly potassium , accumulate in guard cells , and as a result of the increase of osmotic pressure and the absorption of water into guard cells the stomata are driven to open . the energy for trans - membrane transport of k + is the hyperpolarized potential across plasmalemma , which is established by the proton extrusion 化學滲透假說認為氣孔開放是由外來滲透物質(主要是k ~ + )等在保衛細胞中的累積造成的滲透壓上升所致，而離子跨膜運輸的動力是誘導氣孔開放的因子引發的保衛細胞向胞外泵出質子所造成的超極化膜電位。

The work principle and character of vibrating string sensor are elaborated in this paper . the design thought and realization method of hardware , software structure and data communication for dam osmotic pressure automatic monitoring system is put forward . intelligent dam osmotic pressure automatic monitoring system with single chip as core is developed 文中闡述了振弦式傳感器的工作原理和特點，提出了大壩滲壓自動化監測系統的硬件、軟件結構以及數據通訊設計思想和實現方法，研制出了以單片機為核心的智能型大壩滲壓自動化監測系統。

Methods : hyperosmotic pressure animal model was established by administering 3 % sodium chloride as drinking water to rats or increasing osmotic pressure of the culture medium . osmoregulation positions in the brain , reciprocal projection pathways between the medullary visceral zone ( mvz ) and supraoptic nucleus ( son ) or hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ( pvn ) , oscillation of intracellular calcium in cultured neurons and astrocytes were studied by means of anti - fos , glial fibrillary acidic protein ( gfap ) , tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) or vasopressin ( vp ) multiple imrnunohistochemical staining , immuno - electronic microscope , wga - hrp retrogradely tracing and cell culture methods . results : ( 1 ) fos positive neurons within the mvz , parabrachial nuclei , locus ceruleus , pvn , son , subfomical organ increased markedly 方法：通過給予大鼠飲用3氯化鈉或提高培養基滲透壓濃度的方法復制高滲刺激模型，主要采用抗fos 、膠質原纖維酸性蛋白( gfap )和酪氨酸羥化酶( th ) (或加壓素? vp )免疫組織化學多重染色、免疫電鏡、 wga - hrp束路追蹤結合免疫組織化學多重染色、細胞培養等實驗方法，系統觀察了中樞參與滲透壓反射的調控部位、下丘腦視上核( son )神經元? ast超微結構的變化、延髓內臟帶( mvz )和son及下丘腦室旁核( pvn )之間往返投射通路和神經元的性質及其與ast的關系、培養神經元和ast內鈣波的變化。

Conclusions : the present results indicated that the brain areas involving in the heperosmotic regulation mainly located in mvz son and pvn . the neurons and astrocytes might be very active following hyperosmotic pressure and n - asc as a functional unit might serve to modulate osmotic pressure . there was reciprocal osmoregulation pathways between the mvz and son or pvn in the brain 結論：參與大鼠高滲性滲透壓調節的中樞主要位于mvz 、 son和pvn等核團，神經元和ast以n asc的形式共同參與滲透壓調節反應，體內存在mvz和son或pvn之間往返的滲透壓調節通路。

After stimulation with high concentration of glucose , aqpap mrna and protein expression were all augmented in 3t3 - l1 cells ( p < 0 . 05 ) . incubation with high level of glycerol had no effect on aqpap mrna expression although with the same osmotic pressure range as glucose stimulation 地塞米松對aqpcymrna的表達量無明顯影響，不過，同時給予10 ‘ m的地塞米松和胰島素與單用10 ‘ m胰島素相t卜aqpapmrna的表達量有所上升（ p 0

The reverse osmosis device is an equipment to purify the saline water with the action of pressure difference of semi premeable membrame . it is called reverse osmosis , as it is counter to natural penetration direction . different materials have different osmotic pressures 反滲透裝置是利用半透膜在壓力差的作用下使含鹽水脫鹽純化的設備，它自然滲透的方向相反，故稱為反滲透，亦稱逆滲透。

Based on the consolidation mechanism analysis of the warping clay under osmotic pressure , a finite strain osmotic pressure consolidation equation , of which the excess pore - pressure or void ratio was selected as dependent variable , was derived 首先，通過分析滲壓作用下的淤填粘土的固結機理，推導出以超孔隙水壓力，孔隙比為控制變量的有限應變滲壓固結微分方程。

The hydrophobic graphite flakes could be well dispersed by both anionic and nonionic surfactants . the stability of the graphite aqueous suspensions was improved with pva or pvp due to the macromolecular entropic elasticity and osmotic pressure 3 、 cmc在ph為9時分散石墨的效果最好,當其含量達到20 %時,其吸光度是pva 、 pvp的吸光度的兩倍多。

Mature hsa is a single - strand non - glucoprotein , composed of 585 amino acids . hsa takes an important role in human bodies . for example , it keeps the osmotic pressure of blood and transports nutrients Hsa在人體內起著維持血液滲透壓、運輸營養等作用，是血液最重要的運載工具和血漿蛋白成分，在肌體內發揮重要的生理功能。

In this paper , dunaliella salina was used as the research material , and its ability to regulate the osmotic pressure , as well as the interaction of saturation regulation and ultramicro - structure of dunaliella 本文選擇鹽藻dunaliella . salina作為研究材料，就鹽藻的滲透調節力以及超微結構與滲透調節的關系作了詳細的研究。

Halophytes are adapted to obtain water from soil water with a higher osmotic pressure than normal soil water , so they need to be able to accumulate a high concentration of salts in their root cells 鹽土植物的滲透壓高于土壤，這樣就可以從土壤中吸收水分，所以它們的根細胞中積累了高濃度的鹽分。

The mortar osmotic pressure ratio is highly 500 % and its water reducing ratio is only 9 % . concrete mixing with polycarboxylic acid type waterproofing agent holds excellent 試驗結果表明,多元羧酸系防水劑具有高的抗滲性,砂漿滲透壓力比高達500 % ,其減水率為9 % 。