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objectivism n.客觀主義;客觀性 (opp. subjectivis...

objectivity

The possibility of non - objectivism moral education is to establish the philosophy of existence - survival which holds that man breathes together with the world and to create relatively ideal , unbiased educational circumstances and to inspire the spontaneous origination of moral consciousness through direct behavioral contacts and equal talks 非對象化道德教育之可能就在于確立人與世界一氣流通的存在論生存論的哲學,并創設相對理想化的、無成見的教育情境,通過直接的行為交往和平等的對話激發人原發性道德意識的產生。

This paper reviews the exploration of the subjectivity issues in the history of western philosophy ideology , and makes further research of the process of the establishment and development of methodology of the human sciences in the western philosophy , especially in the traditional literae humaniores of germany philosophy . besides , this paper deeply and thoroughly analyses and criticize the contribution of the objectivism research attitude which is gradually getting rid of the thoughts of “ the dichotomy of subject / object “ and “ rational dogmatism “ hi philosophy research , history research and pedagogy research 研究系統考察了西方哲學思想史上有關主體性問題的探索,重點考察了人文科學方法論在西方哲學、尤其在有著人文思想傳統的德國哲學中的形成發展過程,對哲學研究、史學研究和教育學研究逐步擺脫“主客二分”和“理性獨斷”思維方式及客觀主義研究態度做出的貢獻進行了比較深入、全面的批判分析。

The “ relative “ objectivism standpoint refers not to the fixed invariable objectivism standpoint , but the objectivism standpoint which changes along with the objective reality and changes through science criminal policy guidance ; while formulating the criminal law , the unification of the subject and the object tells us that the criminal law is the unification of crime facts and the legislator subjective will , therefore , the pure subjective will ’ s factors should be limited through all kinds of indirect or direct object factors , most basically , should be limited through the right procedure ; and we also should pay more attention to the reasonability and the validity of the pure fact factors 其中, “相對的”客觀主義立場,并不是指固定不變的客觀主義立場,而是隨著客觀現實的變化,通過科學的刑事政策的引導,而適時改變的客觀主義立場;在刑法規范制定上,主客體統一表現為:刑法規范是犯罪的客觀事實與立法者主觀意志的統一。所以,在制定和運用刑法規范時,對于純粹的主觀意志的因素應當通過各種間接或直接的客體因素加以限制,其中最根本的是通過正當程序加以限制;對于純粹的客觀事實的因素應當注意其合理,合法性。

Epistemology as the critique of knowledge investigates the problem of possible knowledge , while the positivist theory of knowledge has resulted in a scientism and a false objectivism because it limited to the methodology of empirical science , identified knowledge with science and dispelled the role of the epistemic subject in epistemology 認識論從事于認識的批判,解答認識可能性問題,而實證主義知識學則局限于經驗科學的方法論,將知識與科學等同起來,取消了認識的主體在認識中的地位和作用,從而陷入了唯科學主義和虛假的客觀主義。

The theory about unaccomplished crime in our country , it ' s almost considered all with one voice in academe that the subjectivism and objectivism are both unilateral and unscientific . only the crime structures , which are unified and amended by subjective and impersonality are the academic basis of unaccomplished crime 我國關于未遂犯的理論,學界幾乎異口同聲地認為,主觀主義和客觀主義都是片面的、不科學的,只有主客觀相統一的修正的犯罪構成才是未遂犯的理論基礎,并由此推導出未遂犯的界定的相關問題。

We must integrate the constructive learning theory with the objective learning theory , and syncretize four types of learning strategies , including cognitive learning strategy , zone proximal development , scaffolding theory and advanced organization learning theory , and assimilate the excellences of objectivism ' s behavior instructional design theory and cognitive flexibility instructional design theory 研究發現,適應性學習系統的理論基礎包括:建構主義學習理論和行為主義學習理論,元認知策略、最近發展區概念、支架式學習和先組織者學習等四種學習策略,傳統目標行為理論和認知彈性理論所指導的教學設計策略。

Psychological metaphor has underwent several historical change which were from thing to person , from passive to active , from negative to positive , from individual to society , psychotherapy pattern has underwent several which were from objectivism to subjectivism , from theory of reflection to constructing theory , these change and transform accelerate the progress of psychotherapy method , promote the improvement of the relationship between the doctor and patient in psychotherapy course and provided the new frame for the conformity of the psychotherapy pattern 心理隱喻經歷了由物到人、由被動到主動、由消極到積極、由個體到社會的歷史變遷,心理治療模式經歷了一個由客觀主義到主觀主義,由反映論到建構論的轉換,這種變遷和轉換促進了心理治療方法的進步,推動了心理治療過程中醫患關系的改善,為心理治療模式的整合提供了新的框架。

《 objectivism chance of visual field defend research of determining the nature 》 takes the disputes of the accidental defence of continent law system as a breakthrough point , bases on the objectivism position and proves the accidental defended to be a crime and the crime is accomplished 《客觀主義視野下的偶然防衛定性研究》一文以大陸法系關于偶然防衛爭議問題為切入點,立足于客觀主義立場,論證了偶然防衛構成犯罪并成立既遂。

Actually , subjectivism and objectivism are the expressio nal form of unified subjective and impersonality . they are unification by arguing . and under the special history condition , the form of unified subjective and impersonality must express as subjectivism and objectivism 事實上,主觀主義和客觀主義是主客觀相統一的表現形式,二者是辯證統一的,在特定的歷史條件下,主客觀相統一形式必然表現為主觀主義或客觀主義。

Through the comparing of the theory at home and abroad , it puts forward that the theory basis of unaccomplished crime should be external one at this present in our country ( it inclines to objectivism based on unified subjective and impersonality ) 該部分通過分析主觀主義、客觀主義與主客觀相統一之間的辯證關系,得出我國現階段未遂犯的理論基礎應該是客觀的未遂論(主客觀相統一的基礎之上向客觀主義傾斜) 。

Objectivism theorists lie in the illegal based on behavior to law infringement or understanding of result of threat on benefit on the basis of foundation of person who break the law , think that form the crime or is the attempted crime is established at most accidentally 客觀主義論者基于其認識違法性的根據在于行為對法益的侵害或威脅的結果,認為偶然防衛不構成犯罪或者充其量成立犯罪未遂。

This article , in general sense , demonstrated the effect of three methodologies within the social science : objectivism , post - structuralism , and general system theory , on psychotherapy , including their strongnesses and weaknesses respectively 故在一般意義上,分別闡述社會科學領域中的三種方法論,即客觀主義、后結構主義和一般系統論對心理治療的影響,及其各自的優點和局限。

Subjectivism and objectivism are two main schools of modern criminology , and the roots behind many problems of criminology . it would be of great help and broaden theoretical eyesight if subjectivism and objectivism are used 在探討具體刑法問題時候,追根溯源,確立客觀主義或者主觀主義的基本學派立場,將大大的拓展其理論的視野,加深對問題研究的深度。

Conceptual systems can be broadly classified as being either objectivistic or experiential in nature . of these , objectivism represents the traditional and experientialism represents contemporary positions of cognitive science 概念系統本質上可寬泛地分為經驗主義和客觀主義。其中,經驗主義代表傳統認知科學的立場,而客觀主義代表當代認知科學的立場。

Conceptual systems can be broadly classified as being either objectivistic or experiential in nature . of these , objectivism represents the traditional and experientialism represents contemporary positions of cognitive science 在本質上,概念系統可寬泛地分為經驗論和客觀論。其中,客觀論代表傳統認知科學的立場,而經驗論代表當代認知科學的立場。

Conceptual systems can be broadly classified as being either objectivistic or experiential in nature . of these , objectivism represents the traditional and experientialism represents contemporary positions of cognitive science 概念系統在本質上,可寬泛地分為經驗論和客觀論。其中,客觀論代表傳統認知科學的立場,而經驗論代表當代認知科學的立場。

Each criminal law theory , for example , the objectivism criminal law , the subjectivism criminal law , the combination criminal law , has merits and defects . the personality criminal law is theoretically consummate 在各種刑法理論中,客觀主義刑法,主觀主義刑法,并合主義刑法各有優缺點,人格刑法是理論上、體系上最為完善的刑法體系。

The principle of contract interpretation should accord the rule of contract language ; equity , efficiency and safety , etc , thus come to the objectivism of contract interpretation 合同語言的公平、效率和安全等內在價值,則規定了合同解釋必須遵循這種價值基礎;而合同語言的內在秩序也只有在合同解釋的客觀主義中才能夠得到最好的說明。

In order to touch core matter of crime , this paper is looking for settlement of problem of subject matter of crime on the base of subjectivism and objectivism 要克服此困難,筆者認為應該以建立徇私枉法罪主體問題的刑法理論的基本立場? ?客觀主義或者主觀主義為出發點,來研究和解決徇私枉法罪主體問題。