M - manichaeism 中文 - EN166

manichaeism n.(伊朗的)摩尼教，明暗教；明暗[善惡]對立說。

manichee
Eastern gnosticism took a somewhat different course . under the influence of traditional iranian religion , the semi - gnostic manichaeism developed an absolute cosmic dualism between soul and matter 東方的諾斯替主義有些不同的實踐。在伊朗傳統宗教的影響下，半諾斯替主義的摩尼教發展了一種絕對的宇宙二元（靈魂與物質論）。
Eastern gnosticism took a somewhat different course . under the influence of traditional iranian religion , the semi - gnostic manichaeism developed an absolute cosmic dualism between soul and matter 東方的諾斯替派有些不同的實踐。在伊朗傳統宗教的影響下，半諾斯替主義的摩尼教發展了一種絕對的宇宙二元論，是靈魂與物質。
Manichaeism was long treated as a christian heresy , but it is more clearly understood as an independent religion , drawing on the diverse resources of christianity , zoroastrianism , and buddhism 摩尼教很長時期被認為是基督教的異端，但更加明確地表明，這是一種獨立的宗教，吸收了基督教，瑣羅亞斯德教和佛教等不同資源。
Manichaeism disappeared in the west in about the 6th century , although its doctrines reappeared in the teachings of the bogomils , albigenses , and other sects during the middle ages 摩尼教大約在六世紀消失于西方，盡管它的教義仍然出現在波各米勒教派，阿比爾教派和其他中世紀時期的教派上。
The essence of manichaeism was the principle of absolute dualism : the primal conflict between god , represented by light and spirit , and satan , represented by darkness and the material world 摩尼教的本質是絕對的二元論法則：神和撒旦最初的斗爭，表現為光明與精神世界和黑暗與物質世界。
Manichaeism is a gnostic religion that originated in babylonia in the 3d century ad . its founder was a persian of noble descent called mani ( or manes ) , c . 216 - c . 276 摩尼教是一個諾斯替宗教，起源于公元三世紀的巴比倫。它的創立者是公元216 ? ?公元276年的波斯王子摩尼（或稱為曼尼）。
Samuel n . c . lieu , manichaeism in the later roman empire and medieval china , a historical survey , published by manchester university press , 1985 , p . 224 胡戟等主編《二十世紀唐研究.文化卷》第2章（林悟殊執筆），中國社會科學出版社， 2002年， 569 ? 577頁。
Manichaeism survived into the middle ages through such sects as the paulicians and cathari , which probably developed from the original tradition 摩尼教在中世紀通過保羅派和卡特里派等教派而幸存，大概很可能是從最初的傳統發展起來的。
Because of its attitude toward the material world , manichaeism regarded evil as a physical rather than a moral entity 因為摩尼教的態度是朝向物質世界，它把邪惡看成是一種物質身體，而不是道德上的實體。
The gospel of mani , written on blackened papyrus , is the last surviving evidence of a now - defunct religion , manichaeism 摩尼福音書，寫在變黑的紙草文書上，是死了的宗教? ?摩尼教的最后現存證據。
Augustine challenged manichaeism by denying mani ' s apostleship and condemning his rejection of biblical truth 奧古斯丁挑戰摩尼教，否認摩尼的使徒身份，譴責他拒絕圣經的真理。
Manichaeism , second to buddhism , was at the zenith of its influence in china , after 70 - odd years ' development 經過70余年的發展，摩尼教在中國的勢力達到頂峰，僅次于佛教。
After that , manichaeism in china kept losing connection to its counterpart in middle asia 此后，傳入中國的摩尼教與中亞地區的摩尼教團失去了聯系。
In the east , manichaeism survived until the 13th century 在東方，摩尼教仍然保留著，直到十三世紀。
Manichaeism spread both east and west from persia 摩尼教從波斯散播到東方和西方。