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ice sheet

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ice sheet (長期覆蓋著陸地的)大冰原。

(長期覆蓋著陸地的)大冰原。 “ice“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.冰，冰塊。 2.〔英國〕雪糕，冰淇淋 (＝ i ...“sheet“ 中文翻譯：   n. 【航海】 1.繚繩；帆腳索。 2.〔pl.〕(船頭 ...“a sheet of ice“ 中文翻譯：   一層冰“ice in sheet“ 中文翻譯：   片狀冰“sheet ice“ 中文翻譯：   水面的冰層。 “a thin sheet of ice“ 中文翻譯：   一層薄冰“accretional ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   堆積冰蓋“actarctic ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   南極冰原“agglomeratic ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   塊集冰盾“antarctic ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   南極冰原“continental ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   大陸冰川; 大陸冰蓋; 大陸冰原“continuous ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   大片冰層“ending of ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   冰層消失“ice sheet depression“ 中文翻譯：   冰層塌陷“ice sheet elevation“ 中文翻譯：   冰蓋高程“polar ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   極地冰原“stagnation ice sheet“ 中文翻譯：   停滯冰流“european ice-sheet modelling initiative“ 中文翻譯：   歐洲冰蓋模型計劃“-ice“ 中文翻譯：   后綴 構成名詞，表示“狀態”，“性質”： justice, service. “ice“ 中文翻譯：   n. 1.冰，冰塊。 2.〔英國〕雪糕，冰淇淋 (＝ ice cream); 〔美國〕冰涼飲料[點心]。 3.冰狀物，糖衣。 4.(態度)冷淡。 5.〔俚語〕冰毒〔甲基苯丙胺的粉狀結晶體，一種易使人上癮的毒品〕。 eat an ice 吃一塊雪糕。 two strawberry ices 兩杯冰草莓。 water ice 冰糕。 be made of ice 冷若冰霜。 be on [over] thin ice 如履薄冰，處境極為艱險。 break the ice 起頭；打破沉悶，開口。 cut no [little] ice 〔美口〕不起作用，無效。 find [get] one's ice legs 開始學會滑冰。 have one's brains on ice 〔口語〕保持冷靜。 on ice 1. 〔美俚〕儲備，貯存。 2. 在監獄中。 3. 有獲勝[成功]的把握。 open ice (不妨礙航行的)散冰。 put ... on ice 1. 把…暫時擱起，把…遺忘。 2. 殺死…。 3. 有把握將…握在手中。 skate on [over] thin ice ＝ be on thin ice. straight off the ice 立刻；(食品等)新鮮的。 vt. 1.冰凍；使成冰。 2.用冰覆蓋，用冰封凍 (over)。 3.加糖衣(在糖果上)。 4.〔美俚〕謀殺，兇殺 (out)。 5.〔美俚〕(社交上)忽視，排斥 (out)。 The pond was iced over. 池子給冰封起來了。 ice wine 冰一冰酒。 be iced up (船)被冰凍結起來了。 ice the decision [game] 〔美口〕保證勝利。 ice up 用冰填滿。 vi. 結冰 (up over)。 “ice in“ 中文翻譯：   冰封“of ice“ 中文翻譯：   冰的“on ice“ 中文翻譯：   在獄中“on the ice“ 中文翻譯：   處于危險境地“with ice or not“ 中文翻譯：   加不加冰

“ at 1 . 7 million square km 656 , 000 square miles , up to 3 km nearly two miles thick and a little smaller than mexico , the greenland ice sheet would raise global sea level by about 7 meters 22 feet if it melted completely . “格陵蘭冰蓋的面積約為170萬平方公里，厚度為3公里，如果它完全融化，那么海平面將被抬高7米” 。

“ it takes a long time to build and melt an ice sheet , but glaciers can react quickly to temperature changes , “ rignot said in a statement 對此，利格諾特在一份聲明中表示： “冰山的形成和融化需要很長時間，但是它們會對溫度的變化做出快速反應。 ”

ice shelf

Preliminary conclusions are got through the analysis of the experimental data such as effect of the ice velocity on the ice force , ratio of components of forces when ice sheet acting on the vertical bank - head , ice force ratio of vertical to 45 incline as well as ratio of level ice force to the vertical ice force when acting on 45 incline 對試驗數據諸如冰速對冰力的影響、冰排作用于垂直面堤頭時各向分力的關系比、垂直面與45斜面冰力關系比以及作用于45斜面時其水平與垂直冰力的關系比等進行了分析，并得到初步結論。

Driven by the new knowledge that the fate of the west antarctic ice sheet would depend strongly on how fast these streams were removing ice from the continent , teams from nasa , ohio state university and the university of wisconsin - madison set up summer research camps on and near the ice streams in 1983 當認知到冰流移冰速度將決定南極洲西部冰原的命運后，美國航太總署（ nasa ） 、俄亥俄州立大學與威斯康辛大學麥迪遜分校的研究小組，于1983年開始在冰流旁邊設立夏季研究站。

Late last year , for example , researchers analyzed data from canadian and european satellites and found that the greenland ice sheet is not only melting , but doing so faster and faster , with 53 cubic miles draining away into the sea last year alone , compared to 23 cubic miles in 1996 去年年底，研究人員分析從加拿大與歐洲衛星所得到的資料顯示，格林蘭島上的冰原融化的速度越來越快， 2005年一年之內就有53立方英哩(約85立方公里)的冰塊融化到大海，比1996年的23立方英哩(約37立方公里)快上許多。

But the scientists camped out near the ross ice shelf had reason to believe that once the ross ice streams carried away that region ' s one million cubic kilometers of ice , the rest of the sheet ? including the area drained by the ronne streams and part of the east antarctic ice sheet ? would surely follow 不過，駐扎在羅斯冰棚附近的科學家有理由相信，一旦羅斯冰流攜帶走100萬立方公里的積冰，其他冰原（包括隆內冰流與南極洲東部部份地區）也會隨后跟進。

Full scale tests conducted at the bohai sea liaodong bay to research the interaction between moving ice sheet and structure have revealed four regimes of vibration modes , in which the steady state vibration is the most serious one 基于現場原型測量，系統的研究了冰與圓柱型柔性結構相互作用問題，發現了冰與平臺相互作用存在的四種冰振行為，深入探討了其中最為嚴重的穩態振動現象。

Weertman ' s troubling conclusion was that any ice sheet that fills a marine basin is inherently unstable when global sea level is on the rise , which most scientists agree has been the case for the past 20 , 000 years 惠特曼提出憂心的結論，他認為當全球海平面上升時（絕大多數科學家同意過去兩萬年來正是這種情況） ，任何填積海洋盆地的冰原本質上都不穩定。

Although global warming could result in rising sea levels from melting ice , particularly ice covering greenland , bindschadler says global warming is not a factor in these lakes underneath the antarctic ice sheet 雖然地球暖化的結果使冰- -特別是覆蓋格陵蘭的冰溶解，導致海平面上升，但是賓茲查德勒說，地球暖化和南極冰層下面的湖泊并沒有關系。

Furthermore , this energy source is supplemented by increased absorption of sunlight by ice sheets darkened by black - carbon aerosols , and the positive feedback process as meltwater darkens the ice surface 此外，冰原被黑碳氣溶膠染黑而增加陽光吸收量，以及融化的冰原由于顏色變深而造成溫度上升的正回饋，都增大了地球能量的不平衡。

If they had instead found crystalline rock , like that underlying most continental ice sheets , including east antarctica ' s , they would have concluded that the greater friction of that material had been inhibiting ice motion 反之，若冰原底下是晶狀巖石，如同南極洲東部及多數大陸冰原的情況，可能就會因摩擦力較大而阻止積冰移動。

In recent years , cores of ice drilled in the antarctic and greenland ice sheets have provided extremely valuable evidence about the earth ' s past climate , including changes in the concentrations of the greenhouse gases 近年來，從南極與格陵蘭冰原鉆探取得的冰心，為地球過去的氣候以及溫室氣體的濃度變化，提供了非常重要的證據。

“ at 1 . 7 million square km 656 , 000 square miles , up to 3 km nearly two miles thick and a little smaller than mexico , the greenland ice sheet would raise global sea level by about 7 meters 22 feet if it melted completely . “格陵蘭冰蓋的面積約為170萬平方公里，厚度為3公里，如果它完全融化，那么海平面將被抬高7米” 。

Cryosphere and global change : main focuses are studies of alpine glaciers and ice sheets ( ice core ) and change , cold regions environment and global change , and glacier resource and its dynamic minitoring 冰凍圈與全球變化研究：主要方向有山地、基地冰川（冰芯）與全球變化；寒區環境與全球變化；冰川資源及其動態監測。

Ice cores from greenland show that warming and cooling episodes occurred every several thousand years , superimposed on the slower advances and retreats of the northern ice sheets 采自格陵蘭的冰心顯示，每隔幾千年，地球就會重復一次暖化和冷卻的事件，時間剛好和北半球冰原緩慢前進與消退的現象重疊。

The composition of the ice age atmosphere is known precisely from air bubbles trapped as the antarctic and greenland ice sheets and numerous mountain glaciers built up from annual snowfall 經年累月的降雪在堆積南極、格陵蘭冰原和許多山岳冰河時，封存其中的氣泡可以讓我們確知冰期的大氣組成。

Particularly noteworthy was that these increases and decreases in greenhouse gases occurred at the same intervals as variations in the intensity of solar radiation and the size of the ice sheets 特別值得注意的是，這些溫室氣體升降的時間間隔，與太陽輻射強弱及冰原漲縮的時間吻合。

But whereas the alps ' snowcaps are just deep enough for skiing , antarctic mountains are swallowed up by their caps , and lie buried beneath an ice sheet that is five kilometers thick 不過阿爾卑斯山頂積雪的深度僅夠滑雪，南極大陸的山脈卻被積雪吞噬，深埋在厚達五公里的冰層下。

As the oceans swell with water from melting ice sheets , it is the crowded river deltas in southern asia and egypt , along with small island nations , that are most at risk 冰川融化，海平面上升，河流三角洲密布的南亞和埃及以及其他的一些小的島嶼國家將最先遭遇風險。