hydrograph n.1.自記水位計，流量速度計算儀。2.水文圖，水文曲線...
n. 1.自記水位計，流量速度計算儀。 2.水文圖，水文曲線。 “basic hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 基本典型水文過程線; 基本水文過程線“characteristic hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 特性水位圖“complex hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 綜合水文過程線“composite hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 復合水文過程線“compound hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 復合過程線“demand hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 需用量過程線“depletion hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 虧耗過程線; 虧水過程線“design hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 設計過程線“discharge hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 量水文圖; 流量過程線“duration hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 時曲線“element hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 單元過程線“filling hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 充水過程線“flood hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 洪水過程線; 洪水歷線“forecasted hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 預報過程線“groundwater hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 地下徑流過程線“hair hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 毛發濕度計“hydrograph analysis“ 中文翻譯： 水位圖分析“hydrograph enlargement“ 中文翻譯： 過程線放大“hydrograph method“ 中文翻譯： 水文圖方法“hydrograph separation“ 中文翻譯： 過程線分割; 水文分析; 水文曲線的分割“hydrograph synthesis“ 中文翻譯： 過程線合成“hypothetic hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 設計水文過程線“inflow hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 進水過程線; 進水進程線; 入流過程線“well hydrograph“ 中文翻譯： 井孔出量過程線“hydrograndite“ 中文翻譯： 羥鈣鋁鐵榴石“hydrograph ascending limb“ 中文翻譯： 過程線上升段
hydrographer |
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In the past years , people generally considered that the effect of the uncertainty of the flood hydrograph is not the main reason that result in the flood discharge risk and even ignore its effect . in the paper , this factor is take into account during analyzing and calculating flood discharge risk 在已有的對施工導流及泄洪風險的研究中，人們普遍認為水文因子中的洪峰流量的不確定性是造成風險的主要風險因素，認為洪水過程的不確定性所帶來的影響很小，可以忽略不計。 |
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In the first part , we compute the site design flood of given design frequency ( 0 . 01 % . 0 . 1 % . 0 . 2 % and 1 % ) using the design flood hydrograph . then we get the design reservoir inflow flood of the same design frequency by the resultant discharge method . according to the computing value we compare the site design flood and design reservoir inflow flood of different time interval 本論文以廣西紅水河龍灘水電站為例，在第一篇中采用洪水過程線法計算了給定設計頻率為0 . 01 、 0 . 1 、 0 . 2和1的壩址設計洪水，并利用合成流量法計算了相應設計頻率的入庫設計洪水。 |
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Geography position and meteorology character in gongboxia watershed are analyzed , according to which the excess of infiltration and instantaneous unit hydrograph are used in runoff and affluence models , and muskingum routing method in river course affluence , kalman filtering technique and least square method in real - time correction 分析公伯峽流域所處地理位置及該流域內的氣象特征，確定產、匯流模型采用超滲產流和瞬時單位線，河道匯流采用馬斯京根法，實時校正法由卡爾曼濾波和最小二乘法組成。 |
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The geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph ( giuh ) is viewed as the frequency distribution of the times of arrival of individual water deoplets at the catchment outlet . the travel path , for a typical hillslope cell . consists of a hillslope fraction , corresponding to overland flow and a stream fraction , corresponding to concentrated channeled flow . to obtain the time of travel , velocities must be defined . hillslope and stream velocities vary with location and must be strongly correlated with slope , and therefore a spatial distribution of velocities and hence of travel times could be obtained . the present methods of giuh neglect any time delays associated with overland flow pathways 地貌單位線被看作是流域上各水質點在弱相互作用下，到達流域出口匯流時間的頻率分布。對于一個典型的山坡型網格單元，匯流路徑由兩部分組成，即坡地部分和河道部分，為了得到匯流時間，必須首先確定匯流速度。坡地和河道的匯流速度隨著區域位置而變，并且必然與坡度有關，因此，可首先計算流速的空間分布，進而得到匯流時間的空間分布。 |
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Through examination of the recession limbs of the observed hydrographs , during periods with no rain and thus no surface runoff , one can determine the value of . for this catchment , a value of 0 . 8 is obtained . the simulated subsurface runoff at each grid is routed to the outlets through a unit - hydrograph method for overland flow and the linear saint - venant equation for channel flow to get the discharge at xixian station 對所研究的流域而言,經過估算消退系數為0 . 8 .耦合著這兩種不同地下徑流機制的clm模型都可以計算出每個網格的地表地下徑流深,采用dag lohman 34 , 35發展的匯流模型進行匯流由于是研究地下徑流,所以取每個網格的地表徑流為0 ,該模型采用單位線計算坡面匯流線性圣維南saint - venant equation進行河道匯流 |
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Cthe method of establishment of spatial analysis information system about water resource in longkou city based on water experiment and observational data and special map , spatial database and attributive database of water resource is established with arc / info7 . 1 ~ arcview3 . 1 ~ photoshop5 . o ~ idrisi2 . o ~ . visual foxpro5 . o . taking horton geomorphology and valdes geomorphicly immectiate unit hydrograph ( g theory ) as theory direction , the database is analyzed and mathematical models is found . linking basic database and model database , that spatial database and attributive database of water resource is established 龍口市水資源時空分析信息系統構建的方法以水利實驗、觀測數據和專題地圖等資料為基礎數據，在arc / info7 . 1 、 arcview3 . 0 、 photoshop5 . 0 、 idrisi2 . 0 、 visualfoxpro5 . 0技術支持下，構建起水資源空間數據庫和屬性數據庫；以g理論和horton地貌律為理論指導，進行數據庫分析，并建立水資源數學計算模型，即模型庫構建；將基礎數據庫和數學模型庫藕合在一起，建立起龍口市水資源時空分析信息系統。 |
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By monte - carlo method the flood discharge risk is calculated with consideration of the uncertainty of flood hydrograph , and the result is compared with that without consideration of the uncertainty of flood hydrograph . it is clear that the flood discharge risk is lower when the uncertainty of flood hydrograph is considered 文章最后用蒙特卡洛法分別計算了此工程在考慮洪水過程不確定性和不考慮時泄洪風險值，比較二者的計算結果，后者的風險值明顯大于前者，這說明，洪水過程不確定性對泄洪風險的影響不可忽略不計。 |
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Project i , project ii and project iii that are different in processing precipitation data as the input of hydrological model were built to model day hydrograph and flood hydrograph , so as to analyze the effect of spatial precipitation heterogeneity on runoff process 本文建立了雨量輸入處理方法不同的方案、方案和方案三種方案，用這三個方案分別作日流量模擬與洪水過程模擬，來分析降水空間分異性對模擬水文過程的影響。 |
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With the observations and by using smg ( system model of genesis ) model proposed by qinyi , the daily runoff hydrograph at hongqi station of tao river is forecasted . the results showed that smg model is simple for applying and not strict with data 根據流域的觀測資料條件采用由秦毅提出的具有成因概念的系統模型( systemmodelofgenesis ，簡稱smg模型)進行洮河紅旗站日徑流過程預報。 |
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The paper conducts partition and comparison of pollution load within the basin during 1991 ~ 1999 period by taking shaanxi section of weihe river basin as an example and using separation method of hydrograph and rainfall differential technique respectively 以渭河流域陜西段為實例，分別運用徑流分割法、降雨量差值法對流域內1991 ~ 1999年污染負荷進行了分割，并進行相互比較。 |
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The instantaneous unit hydrograph theory would be suitable for the high antecedent baseflow and the high rainfall intensity to estimate the direct runoff , but it still needs to prove its fitness with much more cases 在臨前基流量較大或降雨強度較大時，應用瞬時單位歷線理論分析逕流特性之準確性較高，然確實之適用條件仍有待進一步之研究。 |
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According to the collected data in first two years , the study tried to simulate the runoff model by the instantaneous unit hydrograph theory and analyzed the data , the results were shown as follows 本文系以瞬時單位歷線為基礎，進行逕流歷線之模擬，同時將分析整理前兩年之觀測資料，所得之初步結果列述如下： |
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The results show that the minus value and fluctuation of unit hydrograph can be mitigated and the error of observed discharge can be withstood using the robustified ridge estimation 最后采用抗差嶺估計來推算單位線，該方法既可以解決共線性的問題，也可以抗御粗差的影響，得到比較穩定的單位線。 |
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So the uncertainty of flood hydrograph is really a important factor which contributes to the risk of flood discharge . for practical usage , c programs are written for dealing with so much data 針對調洪演算重復、繁瑣、工作量大的特點，本文也編制了處理前期數據的計算程序。 |
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In this paper , those uncertain factors affecting the flood discharge are discussed , especially the uncertainty of flood hydrograph 本文全面考慮了影響施工導流及泄洪風險的不確定性因素，重點分析了洪水過程的不確定性對施工導流及泄洪風險的影響。 |
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A flood peak cut coefficient ( ) is proposed to measure the affection of the flood hydrograph for the risk calculating of the flood discharge 本文分析了洪水過程這一不確定性因素，并用洪峰削減系數將洪水過程的不確定性量化。 |
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Forest ecosystem ; hydrological system ; global change ; guandaushi watershed ; instantaneous unit hydrograph 森林生態系、水文系統、全球變遷、關刀溪集水區、瞬時單位歷線 |
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According to the hydrograph , march was the drought period . the surface water flow was vanishing 由年流量之變化，初步可了解3月為枯水期，地表流量近乎消失。 |
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The method is tested using xin ' anjiang model to calculate the discharge hydrograph 并對抗差后的雨量資料采用新安江模型進行產匯流計算。 |