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hartmann

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hartmann n.哈特曼〔姓氏〕。

n. 哈特曼〔姓氏〕。 “erich hartmann“ 中文翻譯：   埃里希哈特曼“hartmann criterion“ 中文翻譯：   哈脫曼判據“hartmann cruet“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼刮匙,增殖體刮匙“hartmann diaphragm“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼光欄; 哈脫曼光闌“hartmann druckfarben“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼印刷顏料有限公司“hartmann flow“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼憐; 哈特曼流動“hartmann foerdertechnik“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼傳送裝置有限公司“hartmann gmbh“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼有限公司“hartmann layer“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼層“hartmann number“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼數“hartmann oscillator“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼振蕩器“hartmann speculum“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼鼻鏡“hartmann test“ 中文翻譯：   哈脫曼檢驗法“hartmann verpackung“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼包裝有限公司“hartmann-halle“ 中文翻譯：   阿累“nicolai hartmann“ 中文翻譯：   尼科拉哈特曼“ulrich hartmann“ 中文翻譯：   烏爾里希哈特曼“hartmann brothers ltd“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼兄弟有限公司“hartmann dispersion formula“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼色散公式“hartmann druckfarben gmbh“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼印刷顏料有限公司“hartmann foerdertechnik gmbh“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼傳送裝置有限公司“hartmann pressure drop“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼壓降“hartmann velocity profile“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼速度分布圖“hartmann wavelength formula“ 中文翻譯：   哈特曼波長公式“hartmanis“ 中文翻譯：   哈特馬尼斯“hartmanice“ 中文翻譯：   哈爾特馬尼采

In connection with this , it is relevant to note that in commenting on sph s allegation that the government has “ rushed “ into awarding the criii in february 2003 , mr justice hartmann remarked that “ the executive cannot always bow to the pressure of threatened litigation and it is always a question of policy whether an approved plan should be fulfilled without delay or whether delay is prudent “ para . 91 of the judgment 在這方面，應注意的一點是，夏正民法官在評論保護海港協會指政府在2003年2月“倉猝“批出中區填海第三期工程合約時指出， “行政機關不能在每當有人以訴訟要脅時便作出讓步，至于應否如期按照核準圖落實工程計劃，還是暫緩施工較為謹慎，則始終屬于政策方面的考慮“判詞第91段。

hartshorn

Because the element of the far field diagnosis system which is used to detecte facula is ccd , when it works , much types of noise will affect it , and threshold value will affect the efficient signal . in this paper , hartmann - shack wavefront sensor which can detect the phase of beam is studied , what is detected by hartmann - shack wavefront sensor can be transform into far field , and we compare this result with that detected by the far field diagnosis system , and we can know which system is more accurate 事實上， hartmann - shack波前傳感器的ccd在探測光斑陣列時，也同樣受ccd噪聲因素的影響，并且還有波前本身的復原誤差，但是hartamnn - shack波前傳感器的ccd噪聲影響的是波前復原精度，雖然這也將導致事后處理遠場光斑的誤差，但這種誤差與遠場測量系統的誤差相比孰大孰小是本文研究的主要內容。

In connection with this , it is relevant to note that in commenting on sph s allegation that the government has “ rushed “ into awarding the criii in february 2003 , mr justice hartmann remarked that “ the executive cannot always bow to the pressure of threatened litigation and it is always a question of policy whether an approved plan should be fulfilled without delay or whether delay is prudent “ para . 91 of the judgment 在這方面，應注意的一點是，夏正民法官在評論保護海港協會指政府在2003年2月“倉猝“批出中區填海第三期工程合約時指出， “行政機關不能在每當有人以訴訟要脅時便作出讓步，至于應否如期按照核準圖落實工程計劃，還是暫緩施工較為謹慎，則始終屬于政策方面的考慮“判詞第91段。

It shows that when walk - off and diffraction effects could be ignored approximately estimation of the phase distribution of second - harmonic wave could be done . the far field divergent angle and second moment radius of harmonic wave will vary with the aberration of fundamental wave , but the far field divergent angle will be obviously smaller than that of fundamental wave . the phase distribution of both fundamental and harmonic wave is measured using hartmann - shack wave front sensor in the experiment with 1064nm and 790nm lasers , respectively 這說明利用非線性光學頻率變換方法拓寬波前傳感器件的響應波段是很難實現的，但是，通常三波相互作用過程的研究均是建立在平面波和理想高斯光束之上，因此我們對于位相畸變倍頻過程的研究是非線性光學領域一個重要而有意義的新課題，它有助于人們更加深入理解非線性光學效應，為進一步合理利用之奠定了理論和實驗的基礎。

At the same time , the possibility of using nonlinear optics in widening the detecting wave band of hartmann - shack wavefront sensor is exploringly discussed . adaptive optics guarantees the beam quality of laser projecting system . beam cleanup , atmospheric turbulence compensation and correction of any disturbance and fabrication error in the light way are required to promise a near diffraction beam , but normal adaptive optics system can only correction one of them 自適應光學進行光束大氣傳輸波前畸變校正時，要求系統必須能進行光束凈化和校正大氣湍流造成的波前畸變，并且能夠同時有效地克服發射系統制造誤差、重力變形以及光路內部氣體擾動的影響，得到接近衍射極限的輸出激光光束。

The relations between hartmann measuring data and calculating data are presented with stress - birefringence . temperature increments and phaseshifts of working caf2 window and sampling fluoride glass window are measured . during experiments , the simulating cavity is designed , on which the sampling plane and spherical window are fixed 推導了有應力雙折射時hartmann測量數據與計算數據之間的關系，測量了工作caf _ 2窗口和樣品氟玻璃窗口的溫升和附加相移，設計了模擬腔，將樣品氟玻璃平板和球殼窗口加在模擬腔上進行實驗。

The reasonability of fadw designing should be proved experimentally , so this paper studies the various running properties of the fadw whose output window ' s size is 30mmx30mm experimentally . it uses the methods of the far - field beam profile measurement , the lateral shearing interferometer ( lsi ) and the hartmann - shack wavefront sensing to measure the window ' s optical qualities when the fadw works in the situations of different inlet total gas pressure 夏克波前傳感器分別對現有的口徑為30mmx30mm的氣動窗口的光學特性和對輸出激光光束質量的影響進行了實驗測量和分析，同時建立了氣動窗口的性能測量的實驗方法，并分析了fadw對輸出激光影響的物理機制（如類透鏡效應等） 。

Due to the advantages such as short response time , easy operation , and convenient to comprehend the wavefront modes , the hartmann wavefront sensor ( h - wfs ) is widely utilized nowadays in real - time adaptive optics system , turbulence statistical characterization , optical components test , light quality evaluation , laser atmosphere communication , the wavefront correction of ultrahigh power laser pulses , as well as human eye aberrations measurement . the detection accuracy is important to the performance of the whole optical system . considerable efforts have been performed in the investigation of h - wfs wavefront detection techniques in past years 哈特曼波前傳感器具有實時探測,易操作,可以直觀顯示波前畸變分布等優點,被廣泛地用作自適應光學系統的波前信息探測和波前畸變補償,大氣湍流統計特性表征,光學元件檢測,光束質量評價,超強激光脈沖波前整形,激光大氣通信以及人眼象差測量等各個領域之中,其探測精度的高低對整個光學系統的工作性能有著極其重要的影響。

And we simulate the thing by different spatial frequency hartmann - shack wavefront sensor which is used in detecting the far field of laser beam , and we get the result that if magnitude of wave aberration is lower the dynamic range of sub - aperture of wavefront sensor , the more the spatial frequency of hartmann - shack wavefront sensor is , the more the accuracy of hartmann - shack wavefront sensor in detecting high frequency aberration is 并且波前像差在hartmann - shack波前傳感器子孔徑動態范圍之內，空間分辨率高的hartmann - shack波前傳感器對高階像差波前探測時，其光束質量診斷精度高于空間分辨率低的hartmann - shack波前傳感器的光束質量診斷精度。

Wave - front sensor ( wfs ) is one of the most important constitutions of adaptive optics ( ao ) system and can be applied in astronomy , measurement , laser , optical component testing etc . wave - front curvature - sensor ( wfcs ) is a novel and powerful wfs , which settles the difficulty of wave - front reconstruction for shack ? hartmann ( h - s ) sensor 波前傳感器是自適應光學系統最重要的組成部分之一。波前曲率傳感器作為一種很有前途的波前傳感器,它可以解決hartmann - shack ( h - s )傳感器波前重構數據處理負擔過重的困難,但其裝置實現比較困難,目前還沒有得到廣泛應用。

In fact , hartmann - shack wavefront sensor is affected by the noise of ccd and the constructed error too . in our compare , a bridge is setup , which is the original wavefront composed by zernike polynomial , we transform the original wavefront into far field . then we can compare the accuracy of hartmann - shack wavefront sensor with the accuracy of the system of far field diagnosis in detecting the farfield , using diffraction limit and encircle energy 我們在進行兩者相互比較的過程中，搭建了一個比較的橋梁，即由zernike多項式組成的各種原始像差波前，將它也變換到遠場作為原始理想遠場光斑，然后，以它的衍射極限和環圍能量曲線作為評價標準，比較hartmann - shack波前傳感器和遠場測量系統在光束質量診斷中的探測精度。

3 . by using the shack - hartmann wavefront sensor , the thermal distortion of the substrate , the single - layer dielectric thin films with different thickness , and the multilayer dielectric thin films with different multilayer thin films ( ybf3 / znse ) irradiated by co2 laser were studied experimentally . 4 3 .利用夏克一哈特曼波前傳感器，對基底樣品以及不同厚度的介質單層膜樣品和不同膜系的ybf3 / znse介質多層膜樣品在c02激光輻照下的熱畸變進行了實驗研究。

5 . on the central ozp and the criii works , mr justice hartmann said that the evidence showed that they were approved by the ce in c as part of a broad strategy for the development of hong kong para . 26 of the judgment 5 .在中區大綱圖和中區填海第三期工程的問題上，夏正民法官表示，有證據顯示兩者作為本港宏觀發展策略綱領的組成部分，已獲得行政長官會同行政會議的核準高等法院判詞第26段。

Based on value platonism and value absolutism , leaning to value naturalism and value relativism , which throwing out the theory corner and theory endeavor of breaking away from the corner of hartmann ' s axiology and the whole value platonism 立基于價值柏拉圖主義和價值絕對主義，又擺向價值自然主義和價值相對主義，顯示了哈特曼價值論乃至整個價值柏拉圖主義的理論困境及擺脫困境的理論努力。

Furthermore , asymptotic techniques to analyze large hartmann parameter flow and interaction parameter flow are employed and an analytical model has been developed for the calculations of mhd pressure drop of liquid metal flow in a packed pebble bed 利用漸近線分析法對大hartmann參數流進行分析，給出了球床液態金屬溢流的磁流體動力學壓力損失的建模分析和計算結果。

27 . as mr justice hartmann has remarked , the ce in c would have to consider a broad range of administrative and policy issues in considering whether to exercise his discretion pursuant to section 12 of the tpo 27 .正如夏正民法官所說，行政長官會同行政會議在考慮應否根據城市規劃條例第12條行使酌情權時，須顧及多項行政及政策事宜。

The effect from hartmann and geopathic lines can literally be seen in the atmosphere , as they tend to produce a gray , dull appearing sky , typically seen in many parts of the midwestern u . s 在大氣中能夠逐條看清來自哈特曼和風水線的作用，因為它們似乎產生了灰色區，看似陰暗的天空那樣，在美國中西部許多地方能明顯看到。

This accords with mr justice hartmann s observation that determination of policy concerning how best to resolve transport difficulties is a matter for the ce in c , not for the tpb to decide 這樣便符合夏正民法官的意見，即如何作出政策決定以完善地解決交通問題，實屬行政長官會同行政會議的權責，而非由城規會作出決定

Through the data fusion of two hartmann - shack wavefront sensors , the system runs successfully and realizes the close loop . it lays a good foundation for the application of cp / cm ao 這部分工作為cp cm自適應光學展現了很好的應用前景，為后續cp cm自適應光學真正走向工程實際應用打下了堅實的理論和實驗基礎。