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flood level 最高洪水位,洪水警戒線。

flood plain

At first , this paper analyzes the factors of water - sand influencing water level of yellow river and the feasibility just using the factors of water - sand to study water level , and collects the corresponding data ; secondly , because there are strong nonlinear relation in the corresponding data , by meticulous theory analysis , this paper integrates basic nonlinear analysis method , theory of random analysis , method of least squares and so on . it puts forward a method which can get the high accuracy simulation of the data , perfects the multi - factor analysis of variable ( over three factors ) of the statistic ; thirdly , it applies the method to the approximation of corresponding water level process which belong to the capacity of sand of middle - high and middle - low , and get the high - accuracy simulation about the typical nonlinear relation ; at last , this paper definitudes the main influence mode that the capacity of sand . it mainly unite with other factors to work on the water level in the yellow river lower reaches ; mor eover , this paper analyzes the difficult point and the direction of improvement to realize the accuracy forecasting of the flood level of erodible - bed channel 首先,系統分析了影響黃河水位的水沙因素,及僅用水沙因素有效研究水位的可行性,并按變量對應思想采集它們的相應數據;其次,由于相應水位過程數據中含極強的非線性關系,本論文經細致的理論分析,將基本的非線性分析方法、統計建模方法、隨機分析理論、最小均方誤差原則等等數學理論及方法有機揉合,提出了能有效實現這類數據高精度擬合的分層篩選法,并改進了統計學中多因子(三個以上)方差分析法;再次,將這一方法用于黃河中高及中低含沙類洪水相應水位過程的擬合,實現了這一典型非線性關系的高精度擬合,各年汛期上下游相應洪水位過程的擬合誤差都較小;最后,明確黃河下游含沙量對水位的主要影響方式,即含沙量主要是與其它因素聯合對水位作用;另外分析了要實現變動河床洪水位過程準確預報的困難所在及改進方向。

Abstract : this paper analyzes causal factors of flood in the middle reaches of changjiang river . due to neglection of environmental management , soil erosion in the upper and middle reaches of the changjiag river , lake sedimentation , large - scale reclamation of marshes , the flood regulation capacity of the lake was descended , and flood stage was risen and prolonged . consequently more and more river levees and lake dikes were reinforced almost every year to prevent the disasters , which made flood level go up and flood period last for more days . the frequency of flood and waterlogging disasters rose and their damage was enlarged . several proposals for flood prevention including agricultural modernization are put forward 文摘: 1998年長江大洪水后開始實施的“平垸行洪,退田還湖”的土地利用調整方案,從長遠來說應尋求農業安全且收入逐漸提高條件下的土地利用,長江中游地區應積極推進農業現代化,提高農業勞動生產率,轉移,減少分蓄洪區的人口,移民建鎮,對區內的土地要促進其規模經營,由優秀的有文化的農民經營,平時只有少量的直接從事農業生產的經營管理人員,農忙時則大量地使用季節性合同工或實現機械化,大洪水時退田還湖,減輕長江干流大洪水的壓力,減少分洪與特大洪災時的損失,這樣還可促進避洪、冬季農業等的發展,也有利于長江中上游地區陡坡耕地的退耕還林,還可在糧食充足時進行休耕,在旱災、糧食緊張時擴大糧食生產?

For jiangpinghe double - curved arch dam , 3 - d elasto - plastic fem is made , in which the point safety factors of the dam - abutments system and the safety margin for coefficients of sliding resistance on 7 potential sliding blocks of the dam before and after the reinforcement of the dam are calculated under the conditions of the normal storage level and the design flood level respectively based on the results from the analysis made with fem 摘要對江坪河雙曲拱壩進行了三維彈塑性有限元分析,利用有限元應力成果分別計算了正常蓄水位、設計洪水位等3種工況下加固前后壩體壩肩系統的點安全系數和7個可能滑動塊體的抗滑富余系數。

Through explaining the low - fluidity oil - deposit development structure in zaoyuan oil field , analyzing its reservoir structure and the strong flooding level hole design parameters , meanwhile adopting new techniques such as pouring water by phase control at the spot , weak point and strong plane , and so on to manage comprehensively and develop round , we have reduced the natural decrease and increased the exploitable reserves and caused the comprehensive development level of this field to rise from class 3 to class 1 摘要對棗園油田低流度油藏開展構造精細解釋、相控儲層結構分析和強水淹層孔隙結構參數研究,同時在現場采用相控注水、點弱面強、投球調剖和注水吞吐等開發技術進行綜合治理和滾動勘探開發并舉,實現減緩自然遞減和增加可采儲量的目的,使該油田綜合開發水平由3類上升到1類。

The spatial condition and both the technical and economic feasibilities for the layout of the light - court for the auxiliary powerhouse under the condition of higher fluctuation of the flood level downstream is basically analyzed ; in which the principles of the layout and both the spatial dimension and configuration are discussed , and then a actual design case is given with the preliminary evaluation on the ventilating and lighting effect of the light - court 初步分析了下游洪水位變幅較大等環境條件下,貫流式水電站副廠房設置自然通風采光天井的空間條件及其技術性和經濟性,討論了天井布置原則和空間尺度與形態處理,給出設計實例并初步評價了天井通風采光的效果。

The wushan bank of three gorges reservoir has been divided into floodplain section , changing section from high level to below level and above flood level section 針對水庫庫岸再造預測的特點,將三峽庫區巫山縣段的巖質庫岸劃分為漫灘段、枯洪水位變幅帶、常見洪水位以上段3種類型。

Install a minimum of 1 “ above flood level of fixture if factory deck mounted or not less than 6 “ if general plumbing field application 安裝時要使閥蓋側面朝上,要便于測試和維修。不要安裝在隱蔽的位置或區域,在這些地方,由于閥內件正常磨損產生的水泄漏可能導致閥門損壞。

In such cases , provision should be made to always vent above flood level or for a pit drain to insure an adequate air gap below the relief port 如果放置在坑內,則應該采取措施使得排放總是在地面上,或對于坑內排放,要確保在安全閥下方配置一個適當的氣隙。

Flood level forecast model for tidal channel based on the radial basis function - artificial neural network 用徑向基函數神經網絡模型預報感潮河段洪水位

In such cases , provision should be made to always vent the drain line above the flood level 在這種情況下,應該采取措施隨時對地面排放管線進行排放。