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erts

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erts ERTS ＝Earth Resources Techno...

ERTS ＝Earth Resources Technology Satellites 地球資源技術衛星(計劃)。 “deferred a erts“ 中文翻譯：   滾存資金“erts image“ 中文翻譯：   地球資源技術衛星圖像“erts imagery“ 中文翻譯：   地球資源技術衛星圖成象“australian committee for erts“ 中文翻譯：   地球資源技術衛星澳洲委員會“e at threaded i erts“ 中文翻譯：   自攻螺紋襯套“erts precision processing subsystem“ 中文翻譯：   地球資源技術衛星精密處理分系統“ocular i erts“ 中文翻譯：   眼用膜劑“recoil i erts“ 中文翻譯：   螺紋護套“ertro corporeal membrane oxygenation“ 中文翻譯：   體外循環膜式氧合,膜肺“ertrak“ 中文翻譯：   埃爾特拉克“ertoze“ 中文翻譯：   埃爾特澤“ertsev“ 中文翻譯：   葉爾采夫“ertovaara“ 中文翻譯：   埃爾托瓦拉“ertsey“ 中文翻譯：   埃爾切伊“ertov“ 中文翻譯：   葉爾托夫

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Electrical resistance tomography ( ert ) is one of the firstly developed process tomography systems because of its simple sensor structure , low cost , good security and non - intrusive manner . it is prospective while applied to industries . the research work of ert involves calculation and measurement 電阻層析成像（ electricalresistancetomography ）系統具有結構簡單、價格低廉、安全性好及非侵入測量方式等特點，是最早發展起來的過程層析成像系統之一，具有廣闊的工業應用前景。

In present dissertation , the model of ert was established , the method to deduce the system equation using finite element method ( fem ) was discussed , and the process of calculating the voltage , resistance and sensitivity matrix through numerical computation was also introduces . because during the process of positive problem solution , errors are unavoidable , so the evaluation of the results were carried out through data and diagram , also the influence to the results caused by the change of parameters was analyzed 由于在正問題求解過程中，被測域的離散化、計算公式的離散化以及數值計算的近似處理等都將不可避免的引入誤差，因此論文中對計算結果進行了評價，分析了傳感器的參數（電極數，電極尺寸等）以及計算過程所用參數（如剖分精度）的改變對計算結果（電勢、電阻、敏感場）的影響。

According to the system requirements , the dissertation analyses the demands on bc in details , and establishes a whole scheme , which divides my research into four parts : ert module , i / o module , bus communication module and power supply module . the sequent work is based on the design 論文首先根據系統要求，對匯流條控制器作了比較詳細的需求分析，確立了總體方案，將課題劃分為ert (電氣遠程終端)模塊、總線通信模塊、 i o模塊和電源模塊四大部分，然后分別進行設計實現。

( 3 ) an ert experiment system is developed base on the new resistance measuring circuit . this system is entirely designed as a field - bus instrument . instructions are sent from the pc to execute some work such as parameter configuration , fault - checking and data - acquiring ( 2 )基于該新型高速微弱電阻變化測量電路研制了一套完整的電阻層析成像系統，該儀表完全基于工業現場儀表模式設計，上位機通過rs232 rs422總線向下位機發送指令完成故障檢測、參數配置、數據采集等各種功能。

Meanwhile , the soft - field characteristics of ert systems in different numbers of electrodes are studied , and the main soft - field characteristics of ert systems are found . the results show that the soft - field characteristics are greatly reflected in the influence of distribution of mediums and the difference in conductivity of two - phase mediums on the distributions of the sensitivity field 最后研究了當電極數目不同時對ert軟場特性的影響，得出了ert傳感器軟場特性的規律： ert傳感器的“軟場”特性主要體現在其靈敏場的分布受被測介質的分布及兩相介質電導率差值的影響。

Electrical resistance tomography ( ert ) technique , which is based on resistance sensor principle , has the advantages of low - cost , non - intrusive , fast - responding . as a novel measurement technique , ert can play an important role in the on - line parameter measurement of the two - phase flow system 電阻層析成像( electricalresistancetomography ，簡稱ert )技術是一種基于電阻傳感機理的過程層析成像技術，具有成本低、非侵入和響應速度快等優點，是一種可實現兩相流參數在線檢測的高新技術。

The latest development of elmc , which is composed of distribution power center unit ( dpcu ) and electrical remote terminal ( ert ) , is generalized in the paper . elmc scheme is presented according to the characteristic of avionics and the request of fault tolerant electrical power system ( ftep ) . ftep structure based on 270v direct current is then designed to realize the demonstration of dpcu 本文首先分析了elmc在國內外研究發展狀況，并依據航空電子系統特點和容錯供電要求，提出了由配電中心和控制中心組成的elmc的總體方案；完成了270v高壓直流供電的飛機容錯供電系統方案的設計，實現了供電系統中二次配電方案的控制與管理的模擬演示。

( 4 ) a high - speed communication module for ert was introduced in this system . the advantages of this communication module are rs422 / rs232 compatibility , high band rate of 921 . 6kbps , noise - immunity and low cost . the module was successfully used in electrical resistance tomography 目前國內有文章報導的最高數據采集速度為50幅/秒( 3 )引入了一個適用于電阻層析成像系統的通用高速通訊模塊，該模塊支持rs422和rs232雙協議，最高波特率達到921 . 6kbps ，具有通訊波特率高、抗干擾性能好以及成本低廉等優點。

( 5 ) three ert reconstruction algorithms are analyzed and compared by the simulation gas / liquid two - phase flow experiment data . their name is the sensitivity coefficient algorithm , the combination algorithm of tikhonov regularization and algebraic reconstruction technique ( art ) and the modified bfgs ( mbfgs ) algorithm ( 4 )對實驗中測得的圖像數據，分別采用了靈敏度系數法、 tikhonov正則化技術和art相結合的組合型圖像重建算法、改進的bfgs算法進行離線成像。

Grounded on the system structure , bus controller ( bc ) design includes six modules : electrical remote terminal ( ert ) , analog input , digital input , digital output , bus communication and power supply module . the detailed design of each module is discussed in this dissertation 在該系統結構下，對匯流條控制器進行了方案設計，將其劃分為六個功能模塊： ert (電氣遠程終端)模塊、模擬量輸入模塊、數字量輸入模塊、數字量輸出模塊、通信模塊和電源模塊。

As the system is regarded as being excited by a constant direct current at the data acquisition point , no complex ac circuit such as filter is required . it can improved the rate of data acquisition and simplify the circuitry of ert system 由于系統采用了直流脈沖信號作為系統的激勵源，后續的信號處理電路就可以直接獲得測量結果，無需復雜、耗時的濾波電路，這就消除了濾波器這一限制數據采集速度提高的“瓶頸”問題。

In inverse problem of ert , the linear back projection algorithm based on sensitivity field is used to reconstruct the qualitative image . assume that the change of conductance is slight , so the sensitivity can be approximately 在電阻層析成像的成像算法方面，論文中使用了基于敏感場的線性反投影算法，假設電導率分布的變化不是很大，則場內敏感場系數的分布可近似的認為不變，這樣就可利用敏感場矩陣直接求取多幅圖像。

This dissertation researches on some difficult and key problems being of ert and proceeds deeply theory analysis and experiment researches deeply , all this is based on the research of the principle of ert and its application in visualization of two - phase flow 本文從ert技術的原理性研究出發，以ert技術在兩相流可視化測量中的應用為研究背景，針對ert技術中的一些難點和現有的ert系統的不足之處。

A new high - speed ert experiment system based on the bi - directional current pulse technique is designed and developed . on - line observation is realized for simulating gas / liquid two - phase flow using this experiment system 提出并研制成功了一種新型的基于雙極性脈沖電流激勵的高速電阻層析成像系統并實現了垂直管道的氣液兩相流的在線監測。

“ it ' s going to be a great games . . . everything here , the ruins , it ' s an amazing place to be , there is so much history here , “ lewis told greek ert television 劉易斯在接受希臘ert電視臺采訪時說： “雅典奧運會將是一個偉大的賽事，這里的每一件事物，特別是雅典衛城遺址讓我覺得雅典是一個非常讓人驚訝的地方，這兒有這么悠久的歷史。 ”

A finite element simulation software is developed for ert system . the main functions include the self - division of finite element , the setting of flow pattern and the solution of the forward problem , et al . 開發了ert有限元仿真軟件包，主要功能有：對給定的場域按要求進行自動剖分，設置流型，求解ert正問題等。

An a ] ternat ion mode betwoen l nt ert ' ii ( ) tt iilyer and fie1 d object layer is designed on mode1 - - v iew separdt e techno1 ( ) g } “ , in which re - - use of field object is highly improved 利用模型-視圖分離技術設計了用戶界面表示層對象和領域層對象間的交互方式，極大提高了領域對象的可重用性。

The state of the art of process tomography technique is reviewed . the forward problem and inverse problem of ert are analyzed . the existing problems are discussed 在閱讀大量參考文獻的基礎上，歸納總結了過程層析成像技術的發展歷程及現狀，指出了ert技術的優越之處及其廣闊的工業應用前景。

Conclusion ert is an effective management for critical cardiac penetrating injury and some of the cardiac penetrating injury in a state of impending death , especially stab injury , might be saved 結論急診室剖胸是救治危急心臟穿透傷的有效手段，瀕于死亡的心臟穿透傷特別是銳器傷部分可能獲救。