D - disputant 中文 - EN166

disputant n.爭論者。adj.爭論的。

disputation
Part one tries to have an analysis on the types and essential elements of international civil jurisdiction conflicts . after defining what is international civil jurisdiction and international civil jurisdiction conflicts and classifying international civil jurisdiction conflicts into positive and negative conflicts , the paper confines its research on positive conflicts of international civil jurisdictions . when disputants bring the same disputes to two or more courts of different countries , which all have legitimate jurisdiction over the said disputes and accept their complaints , international civil jurisdiction conflict appears inevitably 筆者認為，國際民事管轄權積極沖突的構成，應當同時具備以下要件： ( 1 )當事人就同一訴訟標的在兩個或兩個以上國家的法院提起訴訟； ( 2 )兩個或兩個以上國家的法院對該同一訴訟標的均具有合格管轄權； ( 3 )兩個或兩個以上國家的法院均受理同一訴訟案件。
The fact that usually more than two countries are involved into the international civil and commercial disputes and the jurisdiction bases in each country vary a lot consist of the objective cause of international civil jurisdiction conflict ; while the intention held by disputants and the court of jurisdiction constitutes the subjective cause of international civil jurisdiction conflict 國際民商事糾紛與兩個以上國家存在聯系，以及各國行使管轄權的根據不同，是國際民事管轄權沖突產生的客觀原因。而當事人和法院的主觀愿望和意圖則是管轄權沖突產生的主觀原因。
The main subject of part three is the three aftermaths of international civil jurisdiction conflict : influencing judicial assistance between nations ; influencing the execution of court judgments ; and eventually influencing the realization of disputants “ substantive rights 第三部分：國際民事管轄權沖突的后果國際民事管轄權的沖突，將導致一系列的法律后果。表現在：國家之間的司法協助關系受到影響；法院判決的承認和執行受到阻礙；當事人的實體權利難以實現。
For instance , one mediator argues that pressing on with one ' s rights may actually be wrong if it results in negative consequences on the other party ' s family and friendship ties . he often asks the disputants if it is righteous to inflict suffering on innocent parties in the process of exercising one ' s rights 例如,有一名調解人聲稱,強調一己的權利以致傷害對方的家人和朋友關系,實際上可能是錯誤的,因此他時常要問一問當事人,為了行使權利而殃及無辜是否正當。
Social worker will assess the appropriateness of the cases to receive reconciliation service in the first place and if the elders is willing to enter the process of mediation with the disputants , the social worker will arrange the reconciliation service for the concerned parties 調解輔導服務：計畫會先對懷疑被虐待長者個案進行評估，若個案雙方有意愿去改善現狀并同意接受調解輔導服務，計畫會安排負責社工提供調解輔導服務。
Whatever question arose , the swarm of drones , still humming over the last subject , flew to the new one , and by their buzzing drowned and confused the voices of sincere disputants 無論發生什么問題，這群蜂子在前一個題目上還未嗡嗡完，就飛到那個新問題上，并以自己的嗡嗡聲壓倒和淹滅那些真誠的辯論。
The mediator first tells one party that he or she must give the mediator face by accepting what is proposed . contained in the proposal is a face - saving gesture for the other disputant 他先要求一方當事人接受提議,從而“給中間人一個面子” ,這提議之中也包含一個顧全另一方當事人面子的姿態。
Sang linton , sinking into the recess of his chair , and leaning back his head to enjoy the agitation of the other disputant , who stood behind 陷到他的椅子里頭，他的頭往后抑靠著來欣賞站在他背后的那個辯論家的激動神氣。
Crusader : a disputant who advocates reform 廣告信息發布:投訴
The collapse of national civility and cohesion made it difficult for the disputants to hear each other . 民族的謙恭精神和團結一致精神的瓦解使爭論者們很難傾聽對方的意見。