C - E多益單字7000 - chondrule 中文 - EN166

chondrule n.隕石球粒。

choo-choo
To circumvent this problem , advocates of 26al heating hypothesize that some chondrules might have formed earlier in the solar system ' s history ? perhaps closer to the time when the minerals in the refractory inclusions condensed from the solar nebula ? and thus had much higher 26al to 27al ratios 為了解決這個問題，鋁26加熱說的擁護者假設，某些球粒可能是在太陽系歷史的更早期形成，也許與耐火包體開始由太陽系星云的收縮而形成的時間差不多，因此鋁26對鋁27的比值較高。
If such 26al - rich chondrules once existed , there should also have been some intermediate chondrules that formed somewhat later and had moderately lower initial 26al to 27al ratios , not high enough to cause the destruction of the chondrules but higher than the ratios observed so far 如果含有如此豐富鋁26的球粒曾經存在，那應該也有某種稍晚形成、且鋁26對鋁27的初始比值略低的中間型球粒，含量沒有高到能破壞球粒，但比目前觀測到的比值高。
Given the decay rate of 26al , the lower initial ratio in the chondrules implies that these objects formed between one million and two million years after the creation of the refractory inclusions ( assuming that the radioisotope was indeed homogeneously distributed in the early solar system ) 以鋁26的衰變速率估計，這些球粒的初始比值較低，表示它們是在耐火包體產生后100 ~ 200萬年才形成（假設鋁26在早期太陽系中確實是均勻分布的）。
These investigations have found strong evidence for the former presence of 26al in the so - called refractory inclusions : tiny mineral assemblages , rich in calcium and aluminum , embedded in chondritic meteorites alongside the chondrules 這些研究發現了強而有力的證據，顯示鋁26曾經存在于所謂的耐火包體（富含鈣和鋁的細小礦物組合體，與球粒一起鑲埋在球粒隕石內）。
According to this scenario , researchers could never find evidence of such early chondrules because all these objects would have been destroyed by the melting of the chondritic asteroids into which they accreted 在這個情形下，研究人員恐怕永遠也無法找到如此早期的球粒證據，因為所有這些物體在聚合的過程中，都會因為球粒隕石小行星熔化而被破壞。
Because the chondritic asteroids formed after the chondrules did , the initial 26al to 27al ratio in chondrules places an upper limit on the amount of 26al that was available to heat the rocky bodies 因為球粒隕石小行星是在球粒之后形成，球粒中鋁26對鋁27的初始比值，決定了能夠用來加熱石質天體的鋁26含量的上限。
Although such hypothetical chondrules should have been preserved , researchers have not yet found any . ( to be fair , though , scientists have only just begun to look 這種假設性的球粒應該能保存下來，但是研究人員至今仍尚未尋獲（不過，公平說來，科學家也才剛開始尋找而已）。
Like the chondrules themselves , most dust grains were created in the early solar system ? in this case by bigger objects grinding against each other 和隕石球粒他們一樣，大部分灰塵創造于太陽系初期? ?這樣的話，它們是較大物體相互摩擦產生的。
Looking at these isotopes allows the chondrules to be dated , and they were formed 4 . 56 billion years ago 觀察這些同位素可以估算出隕石球粒的年齡，他們是在45 . 6億年前形成的。
That chondrules formed in such quantities suggests that the heating which created them was widespread 這么大量的隕石球粒的形成說明能使它們形成的熱量的范圍很大。
Work out how old the oldest chondrules are , and you know when the sun ignited 得出最老的隕石球粒的年齡，你就可以知道太陽是什么時候開始燃燒的。