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astringency

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astringency n.1.收斂性。2.嚴肅性，嚴峻，嚴格。

n. 1.收斂性。 2.嚴肅性，嚴峻，嚴格。 “green and astringency“ 中文翻譯：   青澀; 澀而帶有生青味“heavy and astringency“ 中文翻譯：   濃澀“relative astringency“ 中文翻譯：   相對澀性“stop bleeding by astringency“ 中文翻譯：   收斂止血“astringent“ 中文翻譯：   adj. 1.【醫學】收斂的，止血的。 2.嚴厲的，嚴格的。 astringent taste 澀味。 an astringent style of writing 犀利的文風。 Green persimmons are strongly astringent. 綠柿子非常澀。 n. 【藥學】收斂劑，止血藥。 adv. -ly “astringence“ 中文翻譯：   引起唾液收斂的“astringent bath“ 中文翻譯：   收斂浴“astringe yin flid“ 中文翻譯：   斂陰“astringent bitters“ 中文翻譯：   收斂杜松子; 收斂性苦味藥“astringe yin“ 中文翻譯：   斂陰“astringent cataract“ 中文翻譯：   澀翳內障“astringe to arrest diarrhea“ 中文翻譯：   收斂止瀉“astringent clay“ 中文翻譯：   澀粘土“astringe to arrest bleeding“ 中文翻譯：   收斂止血

It appears that theaflavins modify the bitterness of caffeine and caffeine the astringency of theaflavins , giving the beverage its characteristic briskness 看來茶黃素改善了咖啡因的苦味，咖啡因改善了茶黃素的澀味，從而賦予紅茶飲料以特有的“清爽味“ 。

astringent

Appling immune algorithm to optimum disposal of shunt capacitors on distribution network was studied according to reality . methodology of shunt , capacitors disposal on distribution network is presented and optimum capacitors disposal program was got through simulation arithmetic . this paper presented a practical capacitors grouping program also . these programs were validated practial and economical . by comparing the astringency of immume algorithm to genetic algorithm the conclution that immune algoritnm has faster caculation speed and better global convergence ability in optimum disposal of shunt capacitors on distribution network was got 仿真計算得出電容器配置方案，并對電容器進行合理分組，經過分析得出該配置方案可行而且經濟。同時，本文對遺傳算法和免疫算法的收斂性進行比較，得出免疫算法收斂性較好，收斂速度快。配電網絡的復雜，以往的優化算法在解決配電網電容器配置問題時由于算法的缺陷，往往缺乏足夠的優化手段。

After analyzing the feed ford neural networks structure , algorithm and astringency , which are used very popular in control field , the thesis proposes that the ship steering dynamical characteristics is learnt with rbf neural network . the simulation results show that the rbf neural network has faster learning speed and higher prediction precision than bp neural network 本文在對控制中應用最多的前饋型神經網絡的結構、算法及收斂性方面分析比較基礎上，提出應用rbf網絡對船舶操縱運動動態特性進行辯識，仿真表明辨識精度和速度方面都能夠獲得滿意的結果。

First , the error transfer characteristic among subsystems at different space locations is analyzed , and the direct transfer characteristic from discrete standard measure space to the workpiece measure space under measured in measure system is proven . second , the error reconstruction condition and method of mapping from discrete standard measurement system to continuous standard measure space are analyzed . based on the measurement sample stationarity in limited distance , the prediction model ' s limited astringency and mensurability to the dynamic measuring error and the prediction error respectively are proven 分析了不同空間位置子系統間的誤差傳遞特性，證明了在測量系統中離散標準量值空間向被測量工件量值空間的直接傳遞性；分析了離散標準量系統向連續量值空間映射的誤差重構條件和方法；基于測量樣本的有限距離的平穩性，證明了預報模型對動態測量誤差的有限收斂性和預報誤差的可測度性，進而證明了以離散標準量值系統對被測工件預報修正的可行性和合理性。

The paper solved unsteady groundwater flow equation with the mentioned disperse pattern and the results have shown its stabilize astringency . the method was applied to manipulate groundwater in shuishy area , dalian and got satisfied results . this method can also be applied in other relevant fields 本文用它求解非穩定流地下水運動方程，并證明了算法穩定性及收斂性；還用這種方法對大連水師營地區地下水運動狀況進行了數值模擬，且取得了較好的效果，此法也可在其它類似計算中推應用。

Based on the experiments , the simulation of the heat exchanger and scroll compressor was accomplished which also offered a favorable condition to the establishment of the whole gwshp methods were used to improve the veracity and astringency of the model , such as : dividing the condenser into several tiny segment with equal area ; separating the condensing process into single - phase region and double - phase region ; the comparing result showed that most of the error between the data of simulation and experiment was within 5 % while the maximal error was 8 . 35 % 在建模過程中，從大量蒸發和冷凝的換熱關聯式中，通過與實驗數據的比較找出了與實驗結果最為接近的換熱關聯式在建模過程中，針對冷凝器及板式換熱器的特點，采取將冷凝器按面積分成若干個微元段，并將冷凝過程分成單相區和兩相區的方法。同時對渦旋壓縮機進行建模和分析同時在熱力學平衡基礎上與實驗數據比較，經過驗證，對于換熱器模型，模擬計算與實驗結果的誤差一般都在5以內，最大為12 。

The four parameters 、 、 、 in duncan - chang ' s model are achieved by displacement back - analysis . a case is calculated through gaef program to prove the stability and good astringency of gaef program , and display the method based on the genetic algorithms has been put forward for the displacement back - analysis of slope is credible 對duncan - chang模型的部分參數、 、 、進行了反演分析，通過工程實例分析，很好地說明了遺傳算法可以用于深挖路塹邊坡土體參數優化反演分析中，反演分析程序亦有很好的收斂性和穩定性。

The astringency , error and stability of the numerical method are researched . zero matrix method , constant matrix method , and jacobian matrix method are constructed in order to improve numerical precision and efficiency . the steps for calculating matrix exponential function using pade approach method are given out 研究了所提西安理工大學博士學位論文數值計算方法的誤差、穩定性、收斂性等數學性質，在計算精度和計算效率兩方面提出了一些改進措施，構造了零矩陣法、常數矩陣法、雅可比矩陣法等計算格式，給出了利川pade逼近計算矩陣指數函數的求解步驟。

With cardamom with some astringency and fresh mediterranean seaweed as the top note , it develops into diverse elegance of compound bouquet and happiness and sweetness of wine grape , and ends with the base note of stable musk and grant woody bouquet , allowing a great experience of love that moves you so much . 以略帶青澀味道的豆蔻加以清新的地中海藻作為序曲，延續以復合花香的多重優雅及釀酒葡萄的幸福甜蜜，再以沉穩的麝香混合莊重的木質香調加以收尾，就像經歷了一次美妙的愛情之旅，令人怦然心動。

Actually , this is to resolve an over - determined nonlinear system including six output values and eight input values . so newton - gauss iterative algorithms is used , set up the target function in the sense of the least squares . it is discussed whether the minimal solution to the function exist and is single one while the astringency of newton - gauss method is analyzed 對于冗余驅動振動臺,其位姿正解是求解具有八個輸入、六個輸出的超定非線性方程組,因此本文采用了最小二乘法中的牛頓?高斯迭代法,建立最小二乘目標函數,對目標函數極小解的存在性、唯一性以及牛頓?高斯迭代法的收斂性進行了理論證明和分析,將求出的最小值作為位姿正解的最優解。

This method can greatly improve the speed of rule inquiry and spend the same inquiry time on every rule . knowledge reduction and inconsistent degree are used to reduce fuzzy rule table , which avoids some problems such as vast search space and rule blast because of too much input variables . simultaneously , mea , which is superior to genetic algorithm in compute efficiency and astringency , is used to optimize parameters of fuzzy control 該控制策略利用t - s模糊模型易于表達非線性系統動態特性的優點，離線建立模糊查詢表來實現實時查找在線控制，并且提出一種新穎的快速查詢方法?列存儲下標查詢法，該方法可以大大提高規則查找的速度，而且任一規則均花費相同的查詢時間；充分利用粗糙集知識約簡和不相容度的理論，對模糊規則表進行約簡，避免由于輸入變量過多而導致搜索空間巨大、規則爆炸等問題；同時利用思維進化算法優化模糊控制的參數，這種算法在計算效率和收斂性方面都優于遺傳算法。

This paper also have a research on bp and hopfield network , by using the nn , it provide a mechanism to deal with the diagnosis equations . the stability , astringency and the feasibility of this method can be strictly proved . the simulation results shows that the proposed methods can perform correct diagnosis in a very short time 隨后著重研究了bp神經網絡與hopfield神經網絡模型,并利用其故障診斷機理及特性提出了兩種解故障診斷方程組的神經網絡方法,其穩定性、收斂性和可行性都能夠得到嚴格的證明,最后給出了模擬算法步驟及診斷實例,實驗結果表明該方法對容差模擬電路的故障診斷有很好的改進。

Simulations with respect to two models , prove that the method can track the frequency accurately and instantly , and have the preferable effectiveness on the abruptly fluctuating - frequency power signals , at the same time , this method overcomes the constraint of synchronous sampling and has the better astringency with different initial frequency 針對兩種模型進行仿真，表明該方法能夠較為精確與快速地跟蹤電網頻率，尤其針對突變頻率的信號，具有較好的跟蹤效果；同時算法克服了同步采樣條件的限制，通過迭代，在不同初始頻率下均具有較好的收斂性。

To assure astringency , some technologies have been used such as iterative penality function methods , assemblage mass matrix , reduced integration algoritlun , newton iteration method with parameters for non - linear equation set , introducing relax factors and double steps solution and so on , and an algorithin for solving the nonlinear equation set of flow field by fem has been presented 基于有限元法建立了流場求解列式，為保證其收斂性，采用了迭代罰函數法，集中質量矩陣，縮減積分計算，帶參數的newton迭代求解，引入松馳因子及雙層解法等技術，提出了一套適合流場有限元方程計算的非線性方程求解方法。

This paper study the greedy snake algorithms for the clutter tracking . it introduce the energy function of basic snake model and analyze the different kind of snake discrete energy function . it study on the method which use the pretreatment combining the sobel and grads arithmetic operators . the astringency of snake external energy was satisfied . this paper analyze the influence of tracking precision and running time for the preliminary border width , it also study on the tracking effect of different distributing and intensity . it is important to the next work 針對雜波數據的強度起伏大的特點,提出了結合sobel算子和梯度算子的預處理方法,滿足了貪婪snake外部能量的收斂要求,在真實數據和仿真樣本條件下,分析了初始邊框間隔對跟蹤精度、運行時間的影響,以及不同分布、不同強度雜波樣本的跟蹤效果,為后續的工作打下基礎。

In the paper , traffic flow data of dalian city is predicted by applying such neural network . experimental results show that intelligent neural network has higher astringency rate and precision , and has greater advantages than bp network 實驗結果表明由這種智能神經元組成的神經網絡具有更高的收斂速度和精度，預測效果遠遠優于常規bp網絡，達到實測路況交通流預測所需精度及收斂速度，具有較高實用價值。

From the simulation example , the principal characteristics of the proposed method result in method credibility , rapid calculating speed and fine astringency . it is more effective than the dynamic programming approach to achieve an optimal dispatching schedule for shunt capacitors of distribution system 算例結果表明，該算法計算速度快、收斂性好，比動態規劃法解決配電網電容器優化投切問題更為有效。

The correctness and astringency have also been proved the outstanding advantage of our algorithm is that there is not any extra communication overhead . the deterministic checkpoint based on state - freezing can successfully avoid nephew messages , domino effect and live lock 該方法避免了檢查點中的孤兒消息、多米諾效應和活鎖問題；用記錄的方法處理中途消息；用記錄/重放方法解決不確定性問題。

At last , this paper study on the accuracy , astringency and stability of numerical integration method of simulink and point out that runge - kutta ( 4 , 5 ) formula of simulink show excellent capability of accuracy and stability during the stage of simulation 最后對數值積分方法的精度、收斂性和穩定性進行了進一步的探討，指出本文所選用的四?五階變步長runge - kutta法具有良好的計算精度和穩定性。